Study of the Separation between Church and State in England and America Leading to American Revolution

这项研究涵盖了17世纪英国，特别是清教革命期间，通过批准美国联邦宪法，政教分离的思想和实践的广泛发展。岩井教授对革命时期平易近人的宗教运动进行了深入的研究。小仓教授研究了约翰·科顿在新英格兰殖民时期的神权思想，她发表了一篇题为《惠莱特与科顿》的文章。山冈对政教分离的理论背景进行了研究，阐明了骆家辉的宗教自由思想。森本教授把重点放在罗杰·威廉姆斯身上，他的宗教自由思想在最近的早期美国宗教学术中引起了极大的关注。Onishi教授、Kohiyama教授和Saito教授研究了大觉醒和美国独立革命之间的关系。与这项研究相关的是，大西发表了《美国社区-起源与神话--约翰·温斯罗普的《山上的城市》一书。此外，阿列克西斯·德·托克维尔观察到的美国共和时期之后和时期的宗教状况，也被原教授讲得很清楚。2001年，该小组在立命馆京都美国研究夏季研讨会上组织了一次研讨会，哈佛神学院的戴维·霍尔教授应邀参加了研讨会，并就与此相关的主题进行了一系列讲座。在整个研讨会期间，这一小组的每个成员都受到了启发，并就这项研究的主题交换了各种意见，研讨会将在报告的形式中汇编。

This research has covered the wide range of development of the idea and practice of the separation between church and state from 17th century England, in particular, during the Puritan Revolution through the ratification of Federal constitution of the United States. Prof. Iwai has made a thorough research on the religious movement of Levellers during the Revolution. John Cotton's idea of theocracy during the colonial period of New England has been investigated by Prof. Ogura, who published her article entitled, "Wheelright and Cotton. " The theoretical background of the separation between church and state has been researched by Yamaoka, who has clarified John Locke's idea of religious freedom. Prof. Morimoto put focused upon Roger Williams, whose idea of religious freedom had drawn keen attention in recent early American religion scholarship. The relation between the Great Awakening and the American Revolution of Independence has been investigated by Profs Onishi, Kohiyama, and Prof. Saito. Related to this research, Onishi published, "American Community-Origin and Myth-Making. John Winthrop's City Upon a Hill Reconsidered. " And, the religious situation after and during the Republican period of America observed by Alexis de Tocqueville was made clear by Prof. Hara. This group took the initiative to organize a seminar at Ritsumeikan Kyoto Summer Seminar for American Studies in 2001, to which Prof. David Hall of Harvard Divinity School was invited and gave a series of lectures on the topic related to this research. Each member of this group was stimulated and exchanged various ideas concerning the topic of this research throughout the seminar, which will be compiled in the from of the report.