Japanese Law in an International Context : Law in its Origin and Law in its Global Context

这个项目是根据早稻田大学比较法研究所自2001年以来正在进行的几个项目而构思的，这些项目是：“比较法研究的新阶段(2001-2002年)”、“国际背景下的日本法(2003-2004年)”和“历史与比较中的日本法(2005-2006年)”。我们考察了日本法在与外国法的关系中的形成过程，从而重新定义了日本法的身份，并对日本法在国外的移植和安置进行了评估。本文的研究成果概括如下：首先，在刑法领域，我们得出结论：在刑法领域，“遗弃”制度--日本的宗法制度--阻碍了“遗弃/遗弃法”的确立。在讨论日本刑事诉讼程序的一个主要特征--所谓的“分钟正义”时，我们重新评价了“实质真实原则”的意义。其次，在反垄断法领域，我们是…。进一步考察了不正当竞争条款的规定，并批判性地分析了日本原反垄断法与美国反垄断法的关系。关于美国法律对日本法律体系的影响，我们重点讨论了破产法和公司法，并讨论了日本法律激进美国化的背景和最近出现的问题。与上面讨论的法律全球化相比，我们将目光投向了一些狭隘的地区，即欧盟和亚洲。我们彻底审查了欧盟扩大和随后在新加入的欧盟国家移植法律的情况。此外，我们以匈牙利为例，处理了共产主义政权垮台后重新确定和重新定义中东欧法律的过程。在亚洲，我们讨论了亚洲国家的宪法审查是如何发展的。在日本法律援助的问题上，我们仔细审查了越南民法典的修订，并审查了日本在台湾、满洲和中国北方正在进行的援助。这些学术成果将很快出版为《国际背景下的日本法：法律的起源和全球背景下的法律》(东京：西本岛，2006)。较少

This project was conceived in connection to several ongoing projects by the Institute of Comparative Law of Waseda University since 2001, namely, "The New Stage of Comparative Law Study (2001-2002)", "Japanese Law in International Context (2003-2004)" and "Japanese Law in History and Comparison (2005-2006)." We investigated the formation process of Japanese law in its relations to foreign law, and consequently, we redefined the identity of Japanese law and evaluated its transplantation and resettlement outside of Japan.Our research achievements shall be summarized as follows:First, in the field of criminal law, we concluded that the "Iye" system-the patriarchal system of Japan-has hindered the establishment of "abandonment/Risikodelikt". In discussing the so-called "minute justice," which is a main feature of Japanese criminal procedure, we reevaluated the significance of the "Principle of substantive truth/Prinzip der materiellen Wahrheit."Secondly, in the field of Antitrust Law, we e … More xamined the regulations on the unfair competition clause, and critically analyzed the relation between the original Japanese Antitrust law and its American counterpart. Regarding the influence of American law on Japanese Legal Systems, we focused on bankruptcy law and corporate law, and discussed the background and the recent problems of radical Americanization of Japanese laws.In contrast to the globalization of laws discussed above, we turned our eyes to some confined areas, that is, the EU and Asia. We thoroughly examined EU enlargement and the subsequent transplantations of laws in newly admitted EU countries. Furthermore, we tackled the process of re-identification and re-definition of Central and Eastern European laws after the fall of the communist regimes, taking the example of Hungary. In Asia, we discussed how the constitutional review in Asian countries has developed. On the subject of the legal assistances from Japan, we scrutinized the revision of Vietnamese Civil Code, and examined the ongoing Japanese assistances in Taiwan, Manchuria, and in Northern China.These scholarly achievements will be soon published as Japanese Law in International Context : Law in its Origin and Law in its Global Context (Tokyo : Seibundo, 2006). Less