Research of Twisted Structures in Emerging Flux to be Source of Solar Plasma Eruptions

为了保证人类在太空安全有效地工作，强太阳耀斑的预报是必不可少的。磁场能量是耀斑和太阳浆抛射的来源，对磁场能量的形成和释放机制的研究是必不可少的。为了研究磁场能量的形成和释放机制，我们需要测量整个太阳盘上太阳磁场三维结构的变化。本研究计画的主要目的是建立一个良好的全太阳盘矢量磁力计。从2002年到2003年，我们成功地在京都大学科学研究生院飞驒天文台建造了新的太阳磁活动研究望远镜（SMART）。2004年，我们进行了多次试验观测，考察了SMART的性能，并对其进行了多次微调，优化了望远镜的功率。通过这些观测，我们得到了以下结果：(1)我们确认SMART在全盘太阳图像中获得了世界上最好的空间分辨率。在整个太阳盘上获得了优于1角秒的空间分辨率。(2)首次利用SMART成功获取了全盘太阳矢量磁场图像。(3)在大气温度从冬季-17度到夏季30度的变化中，我们成功地将望远镜管内温度全年保持在30度到20度的范围内，使多种光学元件稳定在最佳状态。我们还利用Hida无丘太阳望远镜和TRACE、SOHO等卫星仪器，在研究太阳耀斑和太阳浆抛射（Halpha surge）机制方面取得了许多新发现，并发表了多篇论文，并将这些成果总结成报告集。

To guarantee human beings to work safely and effectively in the space, the forecast for strong solar flares is indispensable. And the study of the build-up and release mechanism of the magnetic field energy, which is the source of flares and solar plasm ejections, is essentially needed.To study the build-up and release mechanism of he magnetic field energy we need to measure the variations of the three dimensional structures of solar magnetic field over the full solar disk. The primary purpose of this research project is the construction of a good full-solar-disk vector magnetograph. We succeeded to construct the new Solar Magnetic Activity Research Telescope (SMART) at Hida Observatory, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University form 2002 through 2003.In 2004, we made many test observation to examine the performance of the SMART and made many fine adjustment to optimize the power of the telescope. From these observation with SMART, we got the following results :(1)We confirmed the SMART achieves the best spatial resolution in the world in the full disk Halpha solar image. The better spatial resolution than 1 arc second is obtained over the full solar disk with the SMART.(2)We first succeeded to obtain the full disk solar vector magnetic field image with the SMART.(3)We succeeded in keeping the temperature inside of the telescope tubes to be in the range from 30 degrees to 20 degrees throughout a year in the atomospheric temperature variation from -17degrees (in winter) to 30 degrees (in summer) to stabilize the many kinds of optical elements in their best condition.We also succeeded in getting many new findings in the studies of mechanism of solar flare and solar plasm ejections called as Halpha surge by using the Hida Domeless Solar Telescope and Satellite instruments such as TRACE and SOHO, and we published these results in many papers which are summarized in a report book.