Isotope separation using metal hydride under magnetic fields

研究了磁场对铁磁性金属氢化物RCo_5（R=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Gd,Tb，Dy和Er）和顺磁性金属氢化物LaNi_5同位素分离的影响。测量了所有氢化物和氘化物的压力-组成等温线。根据实验数据计算了热力学参数ΔH和ΔS。测量了所有体系磁化强度对氢和氘组成的依赖关系。LaCo_5、PrCo_5和GdCo_5对平衡压力有较大的同位素影响。氘的压强是氢的压强的两倍。在所有测量体系中，氢化物和氘化物的磁化强度是相同的。实验结果表明，仅在铁磁体系中，氢、氘压力差随磁场的增大呈指数增长。将金属与氢、氘混合气体反应后，对反应气体进行了分析。质谱分析表明，顺磁性LaCo_5体系没有磁场效应。而具有铁磁性的LaCo_5选择性吸附氢气，反应气体中含有丰富的氘。反应气中氘的比例随磁场的增大而增大。在13T磁场的作用下，氘的含量提高了6%。用康普顿散射法研究了氢化物和氘化物的电子结构变化。实验观察了Pd、V、Mg_2Ni的氢化物和氘化物的电子动量密度和费米能。

The magnetic field effects on the isotope separation were investigated for the ferromagnetic metal hydrides RCo_5(R=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Gd,Tb,Dy and Er) and the paramagnetic LaNi_5. The pressure-composition isotherms were measured for all the hydrides and deuterides. The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH and ΔS were calculated from the experimental data. The hydrogen and deuterium composition dependencies of the magnetization were measured for all systems.LaCo_5,PrCo_5 and GdCo_5 showed a large isotope effect on the equilibrium pressure. These deuterium pressure were twice the hydrogen pressure. The magnetizations of the hydride and the deuteride were the same for all measured systems. The experimental results indicated the difference between the hydrogen and deuterium pressure is increased exponentially with increasing magnetic field for only ferromagnetic systems.The reacted gas was analyzed after the reaction between the metal and the mixed gas of hydrogen and deuterium. The mass spectrometer showed no magnetic field effects for the paramagnetic LaCo_5 system. But the ferromagnetic LaCo_5 absorbed selectively hydrogen gas and the reacted gas contained rich deuterium. The ratio of deuterium in the reacted gas was increased with increasing magnetic field. The percentage of deuterium increased by 6% under the influence of magnetic field of 13T.The change in the electronic structure of the hydrides and the deuterides were investigated by Compton scattering measurement. The electron momentum density and Fermi energy were observed experimentally for the hydrides and deuterides of Pd,V,Mg_2Ni.