Fundamental Study on Control and Operation of Innovative Electric Power Distribution System with a Large Penetration of Distributed Generations

本文主要研究了配电网馈线电压分布异常、配电网不稳定、分布式发电变流器因相互干扰而不稳定运行以及配电网中大量旋转电机如同步发电机、带变流器的发电设施如光伏发电、一种风力发电、微型燃气轮机发电、燃料电池和基于电力电子学的潮流控制器如FACTS等将接入配电网中的系统频率偏差。为解决上述问题，在保持现有供电可靠性和性价比的前提下，提出了新的配电系统运行、控制和规划方法。首先，提出了一种利用FACTS装置对光伏发电和风力发电穿透较多的高压馈线进行电压异常曲线控制的新方法，并对其控制性能进行了…仿真从FACTS装置的位置和所需的最小容量两个方面对几种FACTS装置进行了比较。其次，为了抑制大容量风电穿透引起的系统频率偏差，提出了将大容量储能电池引入电网。提出了一种评估合适频率控制所需最小功率和兆瓦时容量的有效方法；考虑在配电网中引入超导发电机，即在配电网中用超导发电机取代传统的同步发电机，以稳定由旋转的同步发电机和馈线电压波动引起的系统不稳定现象；最后，研制了适用于多分布式电源的配电网三相瞬时值网络仿真器，并将其用于微电网供需控制的离线仿真。该模拟器有助于分析DG变流器因相互干扰而导致的不稳定运行，并有助于制定稳定运行的方法。较少

In this research, we focus on abnormal voltage profile on distribution feeder, distribution system instability, unstable operation of power converters of distributed generations (DGs) caused by their mutual interference and the system frequency deviation in distribution system into which a lot of rotating machines such as synchronous generator, generating facilities with power converters such as photovoltaic generation, a kind of wind power generation, microgas turbine generation and fuel cell and power electronics based power flow controllers such as FACTS devices will be connected. For solving the above problems maintaining the current power supply reliability and cost performance, new operation, control and planning methods of the distribution system were proposed.First, a new method to control abnormal voltage profile on a high-voltage feeder with a large penetration of photovoltaic generations and wind power generations by using FACTS devices was proposed and the control performan … More ces of some kinds of FACTS devices were compared from viewpoints of their locations and minimum required capacities.Second, in order to suppress the system frequency deviation caused by a large penetration of wind power generations, a large capacity of energy stored battery was proposed to be introduced to the grid. An effective method for evaluating the minimum required MW and MWh capacity for the appropriate frequency control was developed here.Third, an introduction of superconducting generator (SCG) into the distribution system, that is, replacement of the conventional synchronous generator by SCG in the distribution system was considered for stabilizing the system unstable phenomena originating from the rotating synchronous generator and the feeder voltage fluctuation.Last, digital type of three-phase instantaneous-valued network simulator for distribution system with a lot of distributed generations was developed and was used for off-line simulation of demand-supply control in micro-grid system. This simulator is helpful for analyzing unstable operation of DG converters caused by their mutual interference and for developing the stable operation method. Less