Elemental Speciation and Multielement Co-relation Analysis of Anthropogenic Elements in Metro-sphere

在名古屋市名古屋大学，采用大体积采样器和小体积采样器对城市大气中悬浮颗粒物进行了采样。采用硝酸、氟酸、高氯酸混合酸消解法和硝酸微波消解法对收集的空气悬浮颗粒进行消解。然后，采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）和电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对样品溶液进行分析，以同时测定主要和超痕量元素的浓度水平。采用大体积采样器采集空气中粒径0.3 ~ 10um的颗粒，每天采集10小时。为了监测城市空气中元素浓度的变化，采用等离子体光谱法测定颗粒物中的元素。本研究选择颗粒中的铝和铅作为人类活动的指示元素，因为铝和铅是典型的亲石元素，而铅是典型的人为元素。铝主要分布在直径大于10 um的较大颗粒中，Pb主要分布在直径小于1 um的较小颗粒中。结果表明，城市大气中Pb主要由烟雾和废气等人为颗粒物供给，而Al主要由岩石圈颗粒物供给。通过富集因子和Pb、Sb同位素比值的多元素相关性分析，探讨城市人为元素的排放源和排放行为。

Air born particle in urban atmosphere was collected at Nagoya University in Nagoya city according to its particulate sizes by using a high volume sampler and a low volume one. Air born particle collected was digested by two different acid digestion methods, one is the method with acid mixture of nitric acid, fluoric acid, and perchloric acid, and the other the microwave digestion with nitric acid. Then, sample solutions were analyzed by ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry) and ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) in order to determine elements at major to ultratrace concentration levels simultaneously.Air born particle with particulate sizes from 0.3 to 10 um were collected by a high volume sampler for 10 hr in every day. The elements in the particle were determined by plasma spectrometry in order to monitor the variation of elemental concentration in urban air. In this study, aluminum and lead in particle were chosen as indicator elements showing human activities, since the former is a typical lithophile element and the latter a typical anthropogenic one. Aluminum was distributed more in rather large particles (more than 10 um diameter), although Pb was distributed more in the small particle (less than 1 um diameter). These results indicate that Pb is mainly supplied to urban air from anthropogenic particles such as smoke and exhausted gas, although Al is mainly supplied from lithospheric particles.The multielement correlation analysis with the enrichment factors and the isotope ratio measurements of Pb and Sb will be carried out in order to investigate the emission sources and behaviors of anthropogenic elements in urban area.