Separation by the supercritical carbon dioxide of the specific ingredient generated by hydrothermal reaction from organic wastes

由于它能与烃类、醇类、碳酸等分子量较小的非极性或细极性物质完全溶解，具有很高的饱和溶解度，且溶剂功率随温度或压力变化很大，因此通过控制温度或压力，超临界二氧化碳能以较高的纯度分离溶液中的有用成分。然而，在与亚临界高温水共存的系统中，很难设计出由未知点（如二氧化碳向水相的溶解）来优化分离和浓度的循环公式系统。然后，设计了超临界二氧化碳对有机废弃物水热反应生成有用物质的萃取工艺。采用高温高压在水下对有机废弃物进行水热反应，得到的溶液中含有更多的水溶性有机物。在得到的溶液中加入超临界二氧化碳，从溶液中提取有机物。然后，将超临界二氧化碳相与水相分离，对超临界二氧化碳相进行减压，使二氧化碳蒸发，得到高浓度的水溶性有机物。本研究为考察该工艺的可行性，制作了逆流式连续萃取装置，并进行了从低浓度水溶性有机化合物溶液中提取有机物的实验。结果表明，以2wt%的溶液为样品进行实验，对于细极性的1-丁醇，在提取液浓度为100%左右时，提取率可达60%，且达到最大值，获得浓度效应。对于强极性乙酸，最大提取液浓度为12%，提取率为1%。通过这些实验，证明了利用超临界二氧化碳从生物质废弃物水热过程中提取有用成分的可能性。少

Since it solved completely with the small non-polar or fine polar substance of molecular weights, such as hydrocarbon, alcohol, and carbonic acid, it has quite high saturation solubility and solvent power changes with temperature or pressure a lot, supercritical carbon dioxide can separate the useful ingredient in solution in high purity by control of temperature or pressure. However, by the system with which the high warm temperature water of subcritical coexists, it is difficult to design the circulation formula system by which unknown points, such as the dissolution to water phase of carbon dioxide, Optimized separation and concentration by the system in which an organic matter exists mostly. Then, the extraction process of the useful substance generated by the hydrothermal reaction of the organic waste using super-criticality carbon dioxide was devised. If the hydrothermal reaction of the organic waste is carried out by high temperature high-pressure underwater, the solution contai … More ning a water-soluble organic matter will be obtained.Supercritical carbon dioxide is added to the obtained solution, and an organic matter is extracted from solution. Then, when supercritical carbon dioxide phase and water phase are separated and supercritical carbon dioxide phase is decompressed, carbon dioxide is the process that evaporates and a water-soluble organic matter is obtained by high concentration. In this research, in order to examine the possibility of this process, counter flow style continuation extraction equipment was produced and the experiment, which extracts an organic matter from low-concentration water-soluble organic compound solution, was conducted. It turns out that it experiments by making 2wt% solution into a sample, and, as for 1-butanol of fine polarity, 60% of the rate of extraction is obtained by about 100% of extraction liquid concentration, and the maximum, and the concentration effect is acquired. As for strong polar acetic acid, 12% of extraction liquid concentration and 1% of the rate of extraction were obtained by the maximum. The possibility of a process, which extracts the useful ingredient from the hydrothermal process of biomass waste by these experiments using supercritical carbon dioxide, was shown. Less