Study on Optically Anisotropic Films Synthesized from Chitin.

微晶甲壳素(MC)，在盐酸水溶液中适度水解。在水相悬浮液中存在NH3+，并呈现手性液晶结构。研究了MC水和丙烯酸单体三组分的相图。其中存在各向同性、各向异性和双折射相。上述各向异性相具有手性-向列型液晶结构，在三组分体系中存在溶致液晶结构。这是首次用该体系得到的甲壳素取向复合聚合物相图。用该体系研究了甲壳素在5T磁场中的取向。从X射线衍射分析可知，从各向异性相浇铸的薄膜比从两相体系浇铸得到的取向更强。极化FT-1R分析表明，葡萄糖环取向为90°酰胺，NH基团取向为0，与磁场方向相反。当以剪切强度为取向时，葡萄糖环取向为0°酰胺，NH基团取向为90°，而施加磁场时则完全相反。由此可见，利用Chtin可以制备沿纵向或厚度方向容易取向的光学各向异性薄膜，利用剪切或磁场可以使薄膜沿长度或厚度方向取向。

Microcrystalline chitin (MC), which is moderately hydrolyzed in aqueous hydrochloric acid. has NH3+ and shows chiral-ncnlatic liquid crystalline structure in aqueous suspension. The phase diagram of three components of MC water and acrylic acid monomer was investigated. where isotropic anisotropic and birefringence phases are found. The above anisotropic phase shows chiral-nematic liquid crystalline structure and lyotropic liquid crystalline structure was known to fond in the three components system. It is the first phase diagram obtained with this system where orientated composite polymer using chitin was demonstrated as follows.The orientation was investigated using this system when placed in magnetic field of 5T From X ray diffraction analysis the more orientated film was obtained when cast from anisotropic phase than biphase systems. From the polarized FT-1R analysis glucose ring is orientating 90° amide and NH groups are orientating 0 against magnetic field direction. When orientated by shear strength, glucose ring is orientating 0° amide and NH groups are orientating 90° against shear direction whichi is tolally opposite when applying magnetic field.Thus it is known that optically anisotropic films can be prepared using chtin where orientation can easily be produced along, with the lengthwise or thickness direction using shear or magnetic field.