Remediation of Environmental Pollution Released from Industrial Wastes by Functional Clay Minerals

垃圾填埋是垃圾处理的主要方法。从各个先进行业排放的危险废物也被处理。所有的垃圾填埋场都会产生一些渗滤液。渗滤液是否污染地下水取决于填埋场是如何建造的，也取决于场地的特点。渗滤液是雨水在渗入土地填埋场时受到污染，如果不加以处理，可能会对含水层、河流、湖泊和分水岭构成重大威胁。为了研究阻止地下水、河流和湖泊渗漏的方法，基于平衡理论和实验结果，开发了功能材料。为了研究有害物质在填埋场中的化学行为，研究填埋场降水的化学特性是非常重要的。日本的日本海一侧冬季降雨量相对较大，春季则是kosa气溶胶。众所周知，冬天的降水量是…更弱的酸性，含有科萨气溶胶的降水是碱性的。本研究发现，日本境内的KOSA气溶胶沉降量呈逐年增加趋势，在填埋场中，废弃物上覆盖着一层土壤，这是一种粘土。粘土虽然对某些有害物质有吸附作用，但作用较弱。在本研究中，以氟化钙为例，对填埋场中最常见的废弃物进行了研究。用平衡理论分析了氟化钙的溶解度，并对粘土矿物对氟的吸附进行了实验研究。另一方面，尽管活性污泥逐年增加，但投放时很难保证填埋。碳化法是活性污泥减量化和资源化的一种方法。在这项研究中，我们提出了炭化活性污泥有助于防止有害金属从填埋场中渗出。结果表明，炭化活性污泥对含有有害物质的渗滤液具有强烈的中和作用，对渗滤液中的重金属有吸附作用，并能释放磷酸盐形成含有害金属的难溶物质。较少

A land fill is the primary method of waste disposal. The hazardous wastes that are released from various advanced industries are also disposed. All land fills produce some leachate. Whether the leachate contaminates groundwater depends on how the land fill is built, as well as on characteristics of the site. Leachate, the rainwater which becomes contaminated as it seeps through land fill can pose a significant threat to aquifers, rivers, lakes and watersheds if left untreated. In order to study the method to stop leaks to groundwater, rivers and lakes, the functional materials were developed based on the equilibrium theory and experimental results.In order to study the chemical behavior of hazardous materials in the land fill, it is important to investigate chemical characteristics of precipitation on the land fill. The Japan Sea side of Japan receives a relatively high amount of precipitation in winter and Kosa aerosols in spring. It is well known that the precipitation in winter is a … More lmost acidic and the precipitation containing Kosa aerosols is alkaline. In this study, it was found that the amount of Kosa aerosols precipitated on Japan was increasing year by year.In the land fill, the wastes are covered with a layer of soil, which is a kind of clay. Although the clay has a function of adsorption for some hazardous materials, it is weak. In this study, calcium fluoride is investigated as an example of most popular wastes in the land fill. The solubility of calcium fluoride was analysed by the equilibrium theory and adsorption of fluoride by clay minerals was experimentally investigated. On the other hand, although activated sludge is increasing year by year, it is difficult to secure land fill for throwing it. A carbonizing method has been developed as one of methods of reducing and recycling activated sludge. In this study, we presented that carbonized activated sludge is useful for avoiding harmful metals to leach out from land fill. It is found that the carbonized activated sludge has functions to neutralize strongly the leachate containing harmful materials, to adsorb heavy metals in the leachate and to release phosphate to make insolublematerials with harmful metals. Less