Joint Implementation of GHG reduction with Russia and China

本研究对1997年召开的《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三次缔约方会议（COP 3 to the UNFCCC）提出的国际合作减排温室气体（GHG）的灵活机制进行了分析。这一机制，即所谓的京都机制，包括：1）联合执行（JI）：主要是在经合组织国家与前苏联和东欧国家之间的国际合作下产生的减排量的转移，2）清洁发展机制（CDM）：主要是发达国家与发展中国家合作下的减排量转移; 3）国际排放交易。我们分析了日本与俄罗斯和中国等发展中国家之间的这种机制的技术方面和社会方面。为此，我们邀请了来自中国和俄罗斯的研究人员，并讨论了围绕项目实际实施的各种问题，如障碍和风险。至于结果，首先，我们通过俄罗斯科学院获得了俄罗斯温室气体排放量的官方文件等许多有价值的材料。第二，我们邀请了中国的CDM专家，并讨论了中日两国在设计CDM现代性方面合作的可能性。第二，对中日共同开展的实际活动项目进行了经济评价。从其结果来看，通过谈判估算温室气体减排成本和数量的具体规模的各种问题变得明显。通过对该共同活动项目的大气污染物（SO2）的本地减排效果的货币估值，我们的分析也定量地表明了该项目的经济价值的上升。

This research has conducted the analysis on the flexible mechanism which was introduced at the third Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP3 to the UNFCCC) held in 1997, as the greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission reduction by international collaboration. This mechanism, so called Kyoto mechanism, is composed of : 1) Joint Implementation (JI) : the transfer of the emission reduction amount created mainly under the international collaboration between OECD countries and former-Soviet Union ＆ Eastern European countries, 2) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) : the transfer of emission reduction amount mainly under the collaboration between Developed countries and Developing countries, 3) International Emission Trading(IET). We have analyzed the technological aspect as well as social aspect of this mechanism that would be done between Japan and developing countries such as Russia and China. To do so, we have invited researchers from China and Russia and discussed on various issue surrounding the actual implementation of the projects such as barriers and risks. As for the results, first, we have obtained many valuable materials such as official documents of the GHGs emission amount of Russia through our counterpart, Russian Academy of Science. Second, we have invited Chinese specialist on CDM and discussed the possibility of the collaboration on the designing the modernity of the CDM between Japan and China. Second, the economic evaluation of the actual Activities Implemented Jointly (AIJ) project between China and Japan has been conducted. From the results of it, various issues relating to the estimation of the specific size of the GHGs emission reduction cost and amount through negotiation have become apparent. By the monetary valuation of the local emission reduction effect of an air pollutant (SO2) of this AIJ Project, our analysis has also quantitatively indicated the rise of the project's economic value.