Research and Development of Collaboration Functions for Humanities Research - Utilization of Humanities Resources in NIJL -

该项目的目的是构建一个统一的数据库系统，不仅可以从本研究所的数据库中检索信息，还可以从其他研究所的数据库中检索信息。项目期间主要进行了以下研究：1、研究内容：数字图书馆/档案：“数字图书馆/档案”是为项目积累和提供必要数据的存储库。“数字图书馆/档案”包括文本、图像、电影和全文等多媒体数据库，每个数据库都有适合每种媒体的特定数据结构和检索程序。对日本文献所的文史资料进行数字化处理，构建数据检索系统。标准化的模式：项目的“标准化”并不意味着强迫数据库引入相同的记录结构的“过时的标准化”。由于每个数据库都有自己的研究背景和目的，因此不可能对数据库的各个方面进行管理，更不可能采用单一的记录结构，这种混杂会破坏发展的进程。我们标准化的目的是标准化元数据和检索协议。元数据是描述其内容的数据。这个项目在现有的数据库和用户之间放置了一个元数据库。用户不访问每个存在的数据库，而是首先访问元数据库。由于元数据库具有现有数据库的相互数据元素，因此用户可以将每个数据库视为一个数据库。本项目开发了两种元数据模型，即通用元数据模型和区域特定元数据模型。通用元数据模型是吸收现有数据库的数据结构差异，并将这些数据库表现为一个数据库的框架。项目中引入了Dublin Core Metadata。特定于区域的元数据模型是作为将数据库的数据元素映射到通用元数据库的适当数据元素的“指南”引入的。这个项目使用EAD（编码档案定义）作为历史数据库，TEI（文本编码倡议）作为文字全文数据库，LC MARC作为目录数据库。对于标准化的信息检索协议，本项目采用Z39.50。该项目统一了国立日本文学研究所的大部分数据库（目录数据库、图像数据库、电影数据库、全文数据库）。根据结果，我们开始扩展系统并与研究所以外的数据库连接。少

The purpose of the project is to construct the unified-database-system that can retrieve information not only from databases in our institute but also from other institutes. Following studies has been carried out during the project period :1. Digital Library/Archive : The"Digital Library/Archives" is the depository that accumulates and delivers necessary data to the project. The "Digital Library/Archives" comprises multimedia data bases such for texts, images, movies, and full-texts, and each database has specific data structure and retrieval procedure that are adapted to each media. We digitized literal and historical materials of the National Institute of Japanese Literature, and constructed data retrieval system.2. Standardized morels : "Standardization" of the project does not mean "old-fashioned standardization" that forces databases to introduce the same record structure. As each database has own research background and purpose, it is impossible to manage all aspects of databases … More by the single record structure, and this kind of copulation would spoil a progress of development. The aim of our standardization has been the standardization of metadata and retrieval protocol. Metadata is data that describes its contents. This project puts a metadatabase between existent databases and uses. Users do not access each existent database but access the metadatabase first. As the metadatabase has mutual data elements for existent databases, users can see every database as one database. This project developed two kinds of metadata model, i.e., general metadata model and region specific metadata models. The general metadata model is the framework that absorbs differences of data structure of existent databases and shows these databases as one database. Dublin Core Metadata is introduced in the project. The region specific metadata models are introduced as a "guideline" to map data elements of a database to the appropriate data elements of the general meta database. This project uses EAD (Encoded Archival Definition) for historical databases, TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) for literal full text databases, LC MARC for catalogue databases. As for the standardized information retrieval protocol, this project uses Z39.50.The project has unified most of the databases of the National Institute of Japanese Literature (catalogue databases, image database, movie databases, and full text databases). Based on the result, we begin expanding the systems and linking with databases outside from the institute. Less