Development of high pressure and temperature spectroscopic system

在高压和高温的超临界条件下研究水、甲烷、氨及其混合物，不仅对地球和行星科学，而且对化学工程都是必不可少的。为了研究这些问题，我们介绍了一种新的金刚石砧池装置，该装置可以测量高压和高温下的FTIR光谱。对于目前的金刚石顶砧电池的顶砧，我们使用了合成的II型金刚石，Sumi晶体，它的杂质含量很低，适合于目前的用途。我们将新的金刚石砧细胞与微型ftir光谱仪（JASCO CO.LTD .）相结合。为了探讨有机物质在行星内部的作用，我们研究了在彗星体和原始球粒陨石中观测到的日冕和干酪根的稳定性。目前的实验表明，电晕在1.3 - 3.3 Gpa的压力范围和高达300℃的温度下是稳定的，而kegogen在室温下至少稳定在9 Gpa，在250℃以上的高压下分解。目前的结果表明，这些有机物在一些冰态卫星的深层内部是稳定的。

Study of water, methane, ammonia, and their mixtures under supercritical conditions at high pressure and temperature is essential not only for Earth and Planetary Sciences but also for Chemical Engeneering. In order to investigate these topics, we introduced a new diamond anvil cell apparatus with the system which can measure the FTIR spectra at high pressure and temperature.For the anvils of the present diamond anvil cell, we used the synthesized type II diamonds, Sumi crystal, which contains very low impurity and suitable for the present purpose. We combined the new diamond anvil cell with the micro-FTIR spectrometer (JASCO CO.LTD). We applied an external heating system made of Pt wire for the diamond anvil cellWe studied stability of coronen and kerogen which are observed in the cometary bodies and the primitive chondritic meteorites in order to investigate the role of organic materials in planetary interior. Present experiments revealed that coronen is stable in the pressure range from 1.3 to 3.3 Gpa and temperatures up to 300C, whereas kegogen is stable at least up to 9 Gpa at room temperature and decomposes at temperatures above 250C at high pressure. The present results indicate that these organic matters are stable in deep interior of some icy satellites.