Philosophical Investigation into Anthropic Principle in Physical Cosmology

1.人择原理的问题源于古代，特别是古希腊哲学。但是现在这个问题的直接来源是物理宇宙学，“人择原理”这个词就是在那里创造出来的。人择原理是“哥白尼原理”或“宇宙学原理”的对立面。“弱人择原理”只是单纯科学方法的一种应用，相当于“选择原理”。所以在这种情况下，“anthropic”或“observation”可能会导致误解。从哲学的角度看，“强人择原理”是重要的。在某种意义上，这是一个目的论的解释，但在另一种意义上，它不是。人择原理与宇宙的目的、宇宙的终结、地外生命、生命的起源与演化、自然选择原理等具有逻辑联系。观测选择效应和末日论证处理的是人择原理的类似问题。各向异性原则含有伦理或宗教意义。人择原理可能引入的上帝或创造主不是人格化的上帝，而是非人格化的设计者，即传统自然神学所假定的“哲学家的上帝”。上帝的存在并没有被自然科学所证明。这是一个哲学问题，不仅与基督教的上帝有关，而且与灵魂问题或佛教的轮回概念有关。

1.The problem of anthropic principle originate from antiquity, especially anciant Greek philosophy. But now this problems direct source is physical cosmology where the very word "anthropic princile" is coined.2. Anthropic principle is the opposite of "Copernican principle" or "Cosmological princile". "Weak anthropic princile" is just an application of mere scientific method and is equivalent to "selection princile". So in this case the word "anthropic" or "observation" may lead to a misunderstanding. From the philosophical poit of view, "strong anthropic priniple" is important. In some sense it is a teleological explanation but in other sense it is not.3.Anthropic principle has logical connection with purpose of the universe, end of the universe, extraterrestrial life, origin and evolution of life, and principle of natural selection.4.Observation selection effect and Doomsday argument deals with similar problems of anthropic principle.5.Antropic principle implies ethical or religious meaning. The God or Creater which anthropic principle may introduce is not the personal God but impersonal designer which is the "philosopher's God" supposed by traditional natural theology. The existence of God is not proved by within natural science. That is the philosphical problem and is related to not only Christian God but problem of Soul or Buddhist s notion of Samsara.