Research on early detection of plant growth damage with ultraviolet rays and air pollution gases.

采用紫外激光激发花生叶片的激光诱导荧光光谱（LIF）测定方法，研究了紫外线和大气污染气体对植物生长的影响。得到了以下结果：1) R_<685/530>，荧光强度比值为685 nm （F685）和530 nm (F530)，与臭氧密度C （ppm）的对数和暴露时间T(h)均成正比；R_ < > 685/530 = 1 -(0.346×lnT + 0.958)×C。2) R_<685/530>随UV- b辐照度（UV强度I （Wm^<-2>）与曝光时间T (h)的乘积）成比例减小；R_ < > 685/530 = 1 - 0.0375××T。3) R_<740/685>，荧光强度比为740 nm （F740）和685 nm (F685)，在UV-B照射和臭氧照射下是不同的。综上所述，通过UV- lif方法可以检测出紫外线胁迫和臭氧胁迫的早期损伤。为了同时测量叶片中各波长的荧光分布，研制了成像光谱分析装置。通过ISA测量得到以下结果。4)对照叶片的叶绿素荧光比（F740/F685）随离表面深度的增加而增加，而UV-B损伤叶片的叶绿素荧光比保持恒定。5) UV-B照射下叶片上表皮的蓝色荧光（400nm ~ 500nm）显著增加。认为紫外分光光度仪可用于检测植物叶片的生长状况。此外，由于根据上述发现评估了应力的复合影响，以下内容变得清晰。6)一般情况下，UV-A照射对对照叶片的恢复能力影响不大，而UV-B照射对受损叶片的恢复能力影响较大。

The influence of ultraviolet (UV) rays and air pollution gases exerted on plant growth was investigated by measurement of the UV laser excited LIF (Laser-induced fluorescence) spectra in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) leaves. The following results were obtained.1)The value of R_<685/530>, fluorescence intensity ratio of 685 nm (F685) and 530 nm (F530), is proportional to both logarithm of ozone density C (ppm) and exposure time T(h) ; R_<685/530>=1-(0.346×lnT+0.958)×C.2)The value of R_<685/530> decreases in proportion to the UV-B fluence (Product of UV intensity I (Wm^<-2>) and exposure time T (h) ; R_<685/530>=1-0.0375×I×T.3)Changing of R_<740/685>, fluorescence intensity ratio of 740 nm (F740) and 685 nm (F685), is different in UV-B irradiation and ozone exposure.From the above-mentioned, it is understood that to detect early damage of UV stress and ozone stress is possible by the UV-LIF method.In order to measure all wavelength of the fluorescence distribution in leaf simultaneously, ISA (Imaging spectrogram analysis) device was newly developed. The following results were obtained by ISA measurements.4)The chlorophyll fluorescence ratio (F740/F685) increased according to the depth from the surface in control leaf, while it maintained a constant value in the UV-B damaged leaf.5)Blue fluorescence (400nm - 500nm) increased remarkably under UV-B irradiation in the upper epidermis of the leaf. It is thought that ISA device is useful for examining the growth condition of plant leaves.Moreover, the following became clear since the compound influence of the stress was evaluated based on the above-mentioned finding.6)UV-A irradiation to the control leaves usual hardly influences the revitalization decrease, while a remarkable damage is caused to the UV-B damaged leaves.