Study for Appropriate Control of Hazardous Household Wastes

研究了危险生活垃圾和家用电器的贮存和处置现状。对京都市的1,100户家庭进行了问卷调查。针对荧光灯的回收系统，进行了汞的物质流分析和风险分析。通过问卷调查，得到以下结果：1）家电回收法的实施，使流入废弃物处理设施的电视机、空调机、冰箱和洗衣机的数量减少。然而，其他种类的家用电器仍在大量流入。2）许多危险废物流入具有环境风险的路线。3）许多人对HHW的处置方法感兴趣。4）摄像机的“囤积”率很高。5）干电池往往会残留在录像机等家用电器中。根据物质流分析和风险分析，指出：1）在日本，每年有10-20吨汞来源于产品，其中约5吨来自荧光灯。2）京都市含汞产品处置的估计风险为：焚烧34 kg-Hg，粉碎17 kg-Hg，回收21 kg-Hg，再循环4 kg-Hg。3）如果建立荧光灯回收/再循环系统并全部回收，风险将降至47 kg-Hg。

The holding and disposal status of hazardous household wastes(HHW) and electrical home appliances are studied. Questionnaires survey to 1,100 families in Kyoto City was performed. Substance flow analysis and risk analysis for mercury are also performed, focusing on the recycling system of the fluorescence light.According to the questionnaires the following findings are obtained :1)The amount of television, air conditioner, refrigerator and washing machine flowing into a waste disposal and treatment facilities decreased by enforcement of Home Appliances Recycling Law. However, considerable quantities of home electric appliances of other varieties are still flowing in.2)Many hazardous wastes flow into the route that has environmental risk.3)Many people are interested in disposal methods of HHW. Showing the information on a risk and proper disposal methods is useful for changing citizens' disposal action.4)The ratio of "hoarding" of video cameras is very high.5)Dry batteries tend to be remained in some home appliances such as a video recorder.According to substance flow analysis and risk analysis, the followings are pointed out :1)In Japan 10-20 t of Hg originated to products is circulating in one year, and about 5 t of them is derived from fluorescence light. Recovered amounts are only 0.6 t.2)The estimated risk of disposal of mercury containing products in Kyoto City is : 34kg-Hg for incineration, 17 kg-Hg for shredding, 21 kg-Hg for reclamation, and 4kg-Hg for recycling.3)If recovery/recycling system of fluorescence light is established and the whole quantity is recycled, the risk will decrease to 47kg-Hg.