The influence of physical activities at childhood and adolescent on a menstrual cycle

闭经、饮食失调、骨质疏松症是女运动员的常见病。这三种症状被称为女运动员三联症（FAT）。本研究的目的是检查青少年运动员的脂肪，并将其与非运动员个体进行比较。被试为普通高中生（145）、青少年运动员（57）和艺术与音乐大学生（356）。艺术类和音乐类大学生在青少年时期体力活动较少。我们研究了身体组成、骨矿物质密度、饮食态度和月经周期之间的关系。普通高中生闭经患病率约为2%。相反，初级运动员的这一比例接近10%。闭经运动员的体质特征是低体重、低脂肪。她们的闭经和身材瘦弱可能是审美观念和能量摄入不足所致。此外，他们几乎都有异常的饮食态度和低瘦素血症。这些症状多见于审美运动运动员。因此，审美体育的评判标准需要重新思考。对于大学生，我们没有发现运动经历与身体成分、骨密度、饮食态度和月经周期之间的明显关系。综上所述，青少年体育活动可能在一定程度上影响女性健康。

Amenorrhea, eating disorder, and osteoporosis have been often observed in female athlete. Then these three symptoms are called female athlete triad(FAT). The aim of this study is examined the FAT in adolescent athlete which is compared with that of none athlete individuals. Subjects were ordinal high school student(n=145), junior athlete(n=57), and art and music university student(n=356). Art and music university student are low physical active life at adolescence. We examined the relationships among body composition, bone mineral density, eating attitudes, and menstrual cycle.The prevalence rate of amenorrhea in ordinal high school student was about 2%. On the contrary, that of junior athlete was almost 10%. The physical profiles of amenorrhea athlete are low body weight and fat percentages. It was likely that their amenorrhea and lean body were induced by an aesthetic viewpoint and an insufficient of energy intake. Furthermore, almost every them were an abnormal eating attitudes and low leptinnemia. These symptoms were found largely in aesthetic sports athlete. Hence, the criteria of judgment for aesthetic sports are needed to reconsider. With respect to the university student, we could not find out the clearly relationships among sports experiences, body composition, bone mineral density, eating attitudes, and menstrual cycle. In conclusion, an adolescent sports activity probably affects in the feature female health.