A Synthetic Study of the Non-governmental Organization Networks in Islamic World

本研究虽然以非政府组织网络为主题，但并不总是针对现代伊斯兰世界中受到质疑的组织，如基地组织。也就是说，分析了苏菲派（伊斯兰神秘主义教团，Tariqa）、乌里玛（伊斯兰法学家）团体、什叶派网络等广泛的团体和网络所发挥的社会历史作用。本研究的代表竹下和三位研究者根据各自的专业领域反复进行了讨论，并对报告进行了整理。结果表明，网络研究的三个方向。第一，智力在不同社会阶层之间的传递。第二，分别在有纪律的群体之间进行智力的传递。第三，知识的传播，即既有网络对新网络的影响，作为第一个领域的结果，竹下研究了构成中世纪土耳其社会的苏菲派的作用，进而发现了神秘主义在精英阶层和普通民众阶层之间的栖息地隔离。作为第二个领域的结果，Kamada指出了什叶派伊玛目和苏菲圣徒存在的相似性，Nigo阐明了哲学家群体和数学家群体之间的智力交流方面。作为第三个领域的结果，柳桥澄清了韩日法学对其他法学流派的形成所产生的思想影响。研究本国或外国政府对非政府组织的干预和影响力是今后的课题。

This study, thought its theme is the non- governmental organization networks, is not always intended for the groups, such as al-Qaida, coming into question in the modern Islamic world. That is, it analyzes the social and historical roles that wide groups and networks, such as Sufi Orders (Islamic mysticism orders, Tariqa), groups of Ulama (Islamic jurists), Shiite networks, have played.Takeshita, a representative of this research, and three researchers did the discussion repeatedly based on their own specialized fields, and put the reports in order. As a result, three directions in the network research were revealed. First, the transmission of intellect between different social hierarchies. Secondly, the transmission of intellect between groups with discipline respectively. Thirdly, the transmission of intellect as the influence that existing network exerted upon new one.As a result of the first field, Takeshita researched the function of Sufi orders that had formed Turkish societies in the Middle Ages, and then found out the habitat segregation of mysticism between the elite layer and the general people layer. As a result of the second field, Kamada pointed out the similarity of the existence of Shiite Imams and Sufi Saints, and Nigo clarified the aspect of the intellectual exchange between the philosopher group and the mathematician group. As a result of the third field, Yanagihashi clarified the intellectual influence that Hanafi law school had had on the formation of other law schools.A study on the intervention and the influence power that the government in the home country or the foreign country exercises on the non- governmental organization is a future task.