Study in the Textual Development of the Mahabharata, Book 12

这项为期三年的研究产生了以下结果。(1)所谓的“比希玛的讲论”的大部分是较年轻的文本，从相对较短的“散提开启”的解释逐渐发展而来，即《摩诃婆罗多》第12卷的前四十五章左右。(2)“比希玛的讲论”原本是一篇短文，在《摩诃婆罗多》的原文中，它很可能包含在“散提开”的后半部分。(3)《比希玛的讲论》由三层构成，每一层都是作为前一层的训诂文本而相继形成的。(4)“比希玛的话语”是古印度两种文学传统转换的产物，即始于婆罗门的训诂传统和史诗诗人和编纂者对婆罗多英雄传说的传播。以上的研究结果为进一步深入研究《摩诃婆罗多》教学部分的各个层面提供了基础。上述研究成果已在本研究期间的以下六次印度学与佛教研究国际会议上公开：第12届世界梵文会议，赫尔辛基，2003年；第214届美国东方学会年会，加州圣地亚哥，2004年；第37届亚洲和北非研究国际会议，莫斯科，2004年；第4届杜布罗夫尼克梵文史诗和古兰经国际会议，克罗地亚，杜布罗夫尼克，2005年；第14届国际佛教研究协会会议，伦敦，2005年。

The three-year research has produced the following results.(1)The large part of the so-called "Bhishma's discourse" is a younger text that developed gradually from relatively short interpretations on the "Shanti opening", i.e., the first forty-five or so chapters of the Mahabharata, Book 12.(2)"Bhishma's discourse" was originally a short text and it was probably included in the latter half of the "Shanti opening" in the original text of the Mahabharata.(3)"Bhishma's discourse" consists of three layers, each of which came into being one after another as an exegetical text on the preceding part.(4)"Bhishma's discourse" is a product of the conversion of two literary traditions in ancient Indian, that is, of the exegetical tradition beginning with the Brahmanas and the transmission of the heroic legend of the Bharatas by the epic poets and compilers.The above results of research have provided a basis for further detailed investigation into the respective layers of the didactic portion of the Mahabharata.The above results of research have been made public in the following six international conferences of Indology and Buddhist studies during the period of this research : the 12^<th> World Sanskrit Conference, Helsinki, 2003, the 214^<th> annual meeting of the American Oriental Society, San Diego, California, 2004, the 37^<th> International Conference for Asian and North African Studies, Moscow, 2004, the 4^<th> Dubrovnik International Conference on the Sanskrit Epics and Puranas, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 2005, and the 14^<th> Conference of the International Association of Buddhist Studies, London, 2005.