A Study on French Fascism-reevaluation of the political map of French conservatives in 1930's-

20世纪30年代，法西斯主义在法国的渗透程度一直存在争议，特别是关于老兵弗朗索瓦·德拉罗克中校的政治状况。本研究的重点是拉罗克的真实形象和他的集体记忆之间的差异。因为他在1934年2月6日的反议会暴乱中动员了最重要的力量，尽管他的指挥是最好的，拉罗克成为法西斯主义威胁的象征。具有讽刺意味的是，这一事件使拉罗克成为著名的“人民阵线之父”。然而，应该是反人民阵线称拉罗克为“人民阵线之父”，因为自2月6日以来，他拒绝了所有要求建立一个反对人民阵线的保守派统一战线的呼吁。毕竟，与左派给他贴上极右的标签相反，他走的是中间道路。拉罗克成为保守派的“叛徒”，特别是当他拒绝加入雅克·多里奥在1937年春天倡导的自由阵线时。因此，他不仅受到左派的法西斯主义名声的攻击，而且还受到右派的大量人身攻击。然而，应该指出的是，他在群众中获得了声望，如果1940年大选（因战争而取消）举行，他的政党可能会成为第一大党。在德国占领下，拉罗克一边支持贝当元帅的维希政权，一边参与了抵抗运动。因此，他最终被盖世太保逮捕，即使在解放后，他仍然被法国当局拘留。由于两年多的囚禁后遗症，拉罗克在没有被承认为抵抗者的情况下，带着法西斯的耻辱死去。本研究不仅探讨了他的法西斯形象是如何形成的，而且还探讨了他的这一形象是如何发展成为集体记忆的，在他死后，这一形象仍然如此持久。我们还注意到拉罗克的遗属的斗争，他们一直在为反对权而斗争。少

There is a controversy over the degree of penetration of Fascism in France in 1930's, especially on the political situation of a veteran, lieutenant colonel Francois de La Rocque. The focus of this study is on the discrepancy between the real image of La Rocque and the collective memory of him. Because he mobilized the most important force at the antiparliamentary riot on February 6 in 1934, although best-ordered of all, La Rocque became the symbol of the threat of Fascism. This incident ironically made La Rocque famous as "the father of Popular Front". However, it was rather the anti-popular front who was supposed to call La Rocque "the father of Popular Front", for he had declined all appeals to present a united front of conservatives against the stream of Popular Front since February 6. After all, contrary to the label of extreme right given by the Left, he was oriented to the middle-of-the-road. La Rocque became " a traitor" for the conservatives especially when he refused to join … More the Front of Liberty advocated by Jacques Doriot in the spring of 1937. Because of this, not only was he attacked by the Left for his fascistic reputation but also he received tremendous amount of character assassination from the Right. However, it should be noted that he gained popularity among the masses, and his political party could have become the leading party if the general election of 1940 (canceled by the War) had taken place. Under the German occupation, while supporting the Vichy regime of Marshal Petain, La Rocque became involved with the Resistance. Consequently, he was arrested by Gestapo in the end, and even after the Liberation, he continued to be detained by the French authority. Suffering from aftereffects of more than two years captivity, La Rocque died with a disgrace of Fascist without being recognized as a resistant. This study investigates not only how his image was formed as fascist but also how this image of him developed into the collective memory which still remains so persistently after his death. We also put our attention to the struggle of La Rocque's bereaved family, who has been fighting for the Droit de reponse ( right of objection). Less