Women's Work and Economic Development

Yano认为，由于实现预期终身收入的概率不同，男女劳动者之间有可能出现收入差异。此外，女工本身在就业机会方面可以选择正规类型以外的任何其他类型的就业，即使公司可能保证男女工人享有同样的工作条件。生物性别差异导致女性行为和决策导致收入差异的产生是一种经济现象。然而，这种差距的观念会被接受为一种社会习俗，最终成为女性劳动者的社会性别差异问题。野田毅分析了在经济发展过程中，特别是在东盟国家，女性劳动的结构变化。这些国家经历了被称为“亚洲奇迹“的经济高速增长，随后又因“亚洲金融危机”而引发严重的经济衰退。她还审查了男女工人的就业结构，重点是按职业和行业分列的劳工统计数据。这一分析表明，他们的就业结构在他们的职业和这些工人所属的行业中具有共同的特点，而不管地区、文化和世代的差异。上述对妇女行为的解释可能适用于妇女选择职业或行业的决定。

According to Yano, there is possibility of income difference occurring between female workers and male workers owing to the probability difference in realizing expected lifetime income. Moreover, the female workers themselves may choose any other types of employment than regular type in their employment opportunities, even though both male and female workers might be secured the same working conditions by the firm. It is an economic phenomenon if biological sex difference causes the female behavior and decision making to let income difference occur. However, the idea of such gap would be accepted as a social convention, eventually becoming the issue on the female workers as social sex difference.Nokita analyzed the structural change of the women's work in the process of economic development, especially in the ASEAN countries. These countries experienced very rapid economic growth called"Asian miracle"and then serious economic recession triggered by"Asian monetary crisis". She also examined employment structures of female and male workers focusing on labor statistics by occupation and by industry. This analysis suggests that their employment structures have common features in their occupations and the industries to which those workers belong, regardless differences of region, culture and generation. The explanation on women's behavior described above may apply to the women's decision in choosing a type of occupation or industry.