Study of the equation of state for dark energy and distribution of dark matter by gravitational lensing

在通过对宇宙微波背景辐射的观测精确确定了宇宙学参数之后，对宇宙结构形成的认识一直是宇宙学尚未解决的重要问题之一。众所周知，暗物质在这一形成过程中起着决定性的作用，而引力透镜是直接观测暗物质的唯一方法。因此，对引力透镜的观测是非常重要的。本文从这个观点出发，对各种引力透镜现象进行了观测研究，得到以下结果：1.利用斯巴鲁望远镜的本初焦点对一个遥远星系团的观测资料进行了弱透镜分析。该集群被认为是在形成阶段。根据我们的分析，暗物质的分布与星系的分布有很好的相关性。这一结果支持了冷暗物质（CDM）结构形成的预测 ...更多信息 我对附近的星系团A 1689进行了基于哈勃太空望远镜（HST）的强透镜分析和基于斯巴鲁望远镜的弱透镜分析，并确定了精确的质量分布。这使我们能够精确地确定星系团的质量和密度分布。得到的轮廓的整体形状与CDM情景的预测相吻合，但我们发现，在中心区域的密度的浓度远大于预测。我们曾向HST和Subaru提出了更多的星系团观测建议，并部分接受。3.通过弱透镜分析，我们在一个遥远的星系团区域发现了一个新的星系团。这表明了透镜分析发现星系团的能力。4.我们研究了物质不均匀分布对宇宙膨胀的反作用，发现这种反作用表现为正的空间曲率，不随膨胀的加速度而改变。少

After the precise determination of the cosmological parameters by the observation of Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation, the understanding structure formation of the universe is one of the unsolved and important problem in cosmology. It is well known that dark matter plays a decisive role in this formation and gravitational lens is the only method to observe directly the dark matter. Thus the observation of gravitational lens is very important. In this point of view we performed the observational studies of various gravitational lens phenomena and obtained the following results.1.We performed weak lens analysis of the date from the observations of a distant cluster of galaxies using the Prime forcus came of Subaru Telescope. The cluster is regarded to be at the forming stage. According to our analysis, the distribution of dark matter is well correlated with the distribution of galaxies. This result support the prediction of Cold Dark Matter (CDM) Structure formation scenario.2.We ha … More ve performed strong lens analysis based on Hubble space telescope (HST) and weak lens analysis based on Subaru telescope for a nearby cluster of galaxies A 1689, and determined a precise mass distribution. This gives us a precise determination of the mass of the cluster and density profile. The global shape of the obtained profile coincides with the prediction of the CDM scenario, but we found that the concentration of the density in the central region is much larger than the prediction. We have proposed more observation of cluster of galaxies to HST and Subaru, and accepted partially.3.We have discovered a new cluster of galaxies by weak lens analysis in the region of a distant cluster of galaxies. This indicates the power of the lens analysis to discover cluster of galaxies.4.We have studied the back reaction of an inhomogeneous distribution of matter on the expansion of the universe and found that the effect behaves like the positive spatial curvature and does not change to the acceleration of the expansion. Less