Forest Slope Stability Analysis applied the Science of Complexity

滑坡是山区重要的自然灾害，边坡稳定性也是一个重要问题。对于滑坡缓解和土地利用限制，重要的是检测移动方向和移动距离，并找出具有适当指标的易受影响的斜坡。基于复杂性科学的分维D等技术可望提供滑坡运动方向的易感程度指标或滑坡详细现场调查筛选方法中所需的重叠率指标，以确定土地利用的限制区或对策。这个“D”是一个描述复杂形状质量的数学理论。对于滑坡复杂、集中、分维高的地区，其对策规划应能覆盖整体区域。单个滑坡散布在大范围内且分维较低的地区应该只有一个简单的…计划每一个地方都有更多的山体滑坡。另一方面，个别滑坡的移动(移动)或变形方向往往难以确定，尽管它们对滑坡危险区的缓解措施或限制划定具有明显的重要性。在此基础上，计算了日本西部滑坡群的分维，并与滑坡区密度和移动方向进行了比较。因此，每个滑坡不同网格方向的分维D在1.05~1.35之间。在第三系地区，随着起伏能量的增加，分维值也有明显的增加趋势，为准确判断提供了理论依据。在中生代，这一趋势并不明显。两者都有一个明显的趋势，即随着面密度和重叠率的增加，分维值也随之增大。因此，分维可以同时表示滑坡的面密度和重叠率。重叠率越大，移动距离越复杂，需要更详细的研究，移动方向与D关系不大，但在高D区，随着D的增大，移动方向趋于减小。这表明具有高D特征的滑坡群的运动方向是相似的。此外，一些地区的滑坡倾向于简单地向谷底移动，与谷底的方向夹角为76-94度，与竹林的扩张一致，特殊分维D随其增大而增大。因此，D也可以作为竹林入侵造成坡面破坏的一个重要指标。较少

Landslides are important natural hazard in the mountainous areas and the slope stability is also important issue. For landslide mitigation and land use restriction, it is important to detect moving directions and travel distances as well as to find out the susceptible slopes with appropriate indexes. Fractal dimension "D" and other technology based on the science of complexity is expected to provide an index of susceptible level of the landslide moving direction or overlapping ratio that are needed in the screening method for detail site investigation of landslide in order to designate the restriction area of land use or countermeasures. This "D" is a mathematical theory that describes the quality of complex shapes. Countermeasures planning for areas that has complicated and concentrated landslides with high fractal dimension should be able to cover holistic area. Areas that have single landslides scattered over wide region with low fractal dimension should only have a simple plan for … More each local landslides. On the other hand, moving (traveling) or deforming directions of individual landslides are often difficult to decide, although they have conspicuous importance to the mitigation measures or the restriction designation of landslide hazard areas. In this context, Fractal dimension of landslide group is estimated, comparing with landslide area density, and moving directions, in western Japan. Consequently, the fractal dimension "D" from the different grid orientations for each landslide ranges 1.05-1.35. The other important results are referred below.Optimum values of D that are obtained from minimum grid number covering landslide perimeters should be used theoretically for the accurate judgment.In the area of Tertiary, they have a rather clear trend that as the relief energy increases the fractal dimension value also increases. In the Mesozoic, the trend is not clear. There is a clear trend in both of the geology that as the area density and overlapping ratio increase the value of fractal dimension also increases. So fractal dimension can express the area density and the overlapping ratio of the landslide simultaneously. The higher the overlapping ratio increases, the more complex the traveling distance is and the more detail investigation for mitigation is needed.The moving direction doesn't have dear relation with D. However, it tends to decrease as D increases in the high D region. It suggests that moving directions are similar in landslide groups that have high D characteristics. Adding to that, in some districts landslides tends to move simply towards the bottom of valley with the direction angle of 76-94 degree against the valley.Concerning with the bamboo stands expanding, the special Fractal dimension D increases as it increases. Therefore, D also can be an important index of invasion of bamboo stands that cause devastation of the slopes. Less