Organization of Electrolodes for the Electrochemotherapy for Deep-seated Malignant Musculoskeletal Tumor

a .我们对荷瘤小鼠和家兔进行了化疗后肿瘤坏死面积的组织学评估，化疗时放置两个电极捕捉肿瘤负荷。三维评估肿瘤坏死面积。b .通过在肿瘤周围的不同位置放置许多电极，以便对肿瘤负担进行多重治疗，观察到有效的治疗。超声穿孔作为一种有效的给药系统，应用于肿瘤治疗中。超声穿孔是一种与电穿孔相同的对细胞膜进行瞬时穿刺的方法。声波穿孔被认为比电穿孔更安全，因为它的副作用更少，比如引起烧伤。甲氨蝶呤常用于治疗广泛性关节炎，如类风湿关节炎。对甲氨蝶呤关节内给药进行了研究，但更多的人认为，由于甲氨蝶呤本身不易穿过细胞膜，所以没有得到有效的效果。采用甲氨蝶呤关节内注射，体外超声刺激，超声透视法，对实验建立的兔膝关节关节炎进行了组织病理学评价，显示了对关节炎的有效治疗。甲氨蝶呤与超声图像增强剂联合使用，效果更佳。该图像增强器由微泡组成，微泡在超声刺激下破裂，引起局部水流穿透细胞膜。这种新型给药系统可应用于肿瘤治疗或全身性关节炎等多种病理情况。c .作为一种新的治疗肌肉骨骼肿瘤的方法，我们在学校机构审查委员会下将化疗联合超声穿孔应用于大腿恶性肿瘤。本临床试验效果良好，无副作用。少

A.We performed histologic evaluation of the area of tumor necrosis after electrochemotherapy to tumor-bearing mouse and rabbit Electrochemotherapy was done with two electrolodes that was placed to catch the tumor burden. The area of tumor necrosis was evaluated three dimensionally. By applying many electrolodes that were placed various sites around the tumor in order to cause multiple treatments to the tumor burden, effective treatment was observed.B. As an effective drug delivery system, we apply sonoporation to tumor treatment Sonoporation is same kind of method for transient puncture to cell membrane as electroporation. Sonoporation was thought to be safer than electroporation in the point of fewer side effects such as causing bum. We apply sonoporation as intra-articular treatment of rabbit knee joint Methotrexate is often used for the treatment of generalized arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Intra-articular administration of methotrexate was used to be studied, but it was … More believed that effective result was not obtained, because methotrexate itself was not easily passed through the cell membrane. Intra-articuular injection of methotrexate followed by extracorporeal ultrasonographic stimulation, sonoporation, was applied to the experimentanry-established arthritis in the knee joint of rabbit Histopathologic evaluation revealed effective treatment for arthritis. Furthermore, combined solution, methotrexate and ultrasonic image intensifier, enhanced the effect. This image intensifier is consisting of microbubble that is broken by ultrasonic stimulation, which causes local water stream punctuating the cell membrane. This new drug delivery system can apply to various pathological condition such as tumor treatment or systemic arthritis.C.As a new treatment for musculoskeletal tumor, we applied chemotherapy combined with sonoporation to thigh malignant tumor under institutional review board of our university. This clinical trial achieved good result without any side effect. Less