The Study of Socialization and Assessment Scale of Child Rearing Perspectives among types of Men and Women with Children Aged 36 months

(1)对象摘要：200名有工作的母亲(150名在职母亲和50名育儿假母亲)和303名全职母亲。前者的平均年龄为32.98岁，后者为31.67岁。母亲、父亲和孩子的家庭数量最多。母亲最依赖的家庭成员(丈夫除外)是自己的母亲，婆婆紧随其后。在在职母亲中，41.5%的人有一个孩子，39.0%的人有两个孩子。在全职母亲中，46.7%有一个孩子；40.7%有两个孩子。(2)变量综述：(1)育儿视角量表中的育儿满意度/有用生活分量表和育儿负担/焦虑分量表(CPS-M97)由6个条目组成。(2)自尊量表、对来自丈夫、其他家庭成员和其他母亲的支持的评估(各14个条目)，以及根据她们与丈夫和他们的…的育儿对话的数量而确定的育儿观点(3)结果与讨论：(1)与丈夫的育儿对话量与育儿负担/焦虑之间存在显著的负相关。(2)母亲对丈夫和其他家庭成员的支持评价与自尊呈显著正相关，表明母亲通过丈夫和其他家庭成员的支持解除了孤独感，可以认为自己是重要的存在。(3)负性育儿视角的全职母亲的自尊显著低于矛盾型育儿视角的全职母亲。在育儿负担/焦虑程度同样较低的情况下，如果全职妈妈身边的人对两种育儿视角中的一种持肯定态度，则全职妈妈的心理健康状况会得到改善。注：两个子量表的两个垂直轴上有四种育儿视角；(4)(1)在泰国对258名母亲进行了问卷调查，以便进行比较；(2)编制了全职母亲及其家庭成员托儿支持手册，(3)研究了父亲对孩子的照顾，并编写了一份90页的研究结果报告。较少

(1)Summary of Subjects : 200 mothers with jobs (150 at work and 50 on child-care leave) and 303 full-time mothers. The average age of the former was 32.98 ; the latter, 31.67. The number of families of a mother, a father, and a child/children was largest. The family members (except their husbands) whom the mothers relied on the most were their own mothers, and their mothers-in-law followed. Among the mothers at work, 41.5% had one child 39.0%, two. Among the full--time mothers, 46.7% had one child ; 40.7%, two.(2)Summary of Variables : (1)The child-care satisfaction/useful-life subscale and the child-care burden/anxiety subscale of the child-care perspective scale (CPS-M97) for mothers with children three or under of our work consisted each of six items. (2)A self-respect scale, evaluation of support from husbands, other family members, and fellow mothers (each 14 items), and child-care perspectives depending on their quantities of child-care conversation with their husbands and their … More sociality (child care gives mothers an opportunity for exchange and activities such as being on neighborly terms, and thereby mothers are nourished) were set.(3)Results and Discussion : (1)A significant negative correlation was observed between their quantities of child-care conversation with their husbands and their child-care burden/anxiety. (2)A significant positive correlation was observed between their evaluation of support form their husbands and other family members and their self-respect, suggesting that mothers are relieved from the feelings of isolation through support from their husbands and other family members and can consider themselves as important beings. (3)The self-respect of full-time mothers of negative-type child-care perspective is significantly lower than that of full-time mothers of ambivalent type child-care perspective. It seems that if child-care burden/anxiety is low in the same way, the mental health of full-time mothers can be enhanced if people around them make approaches to them to see one of the two child-care perspectives affirmatively.Note : There are four types of child-care perspective of two orthogonal axes of two subscales ; i.e., a negative type (low on the child-care satisfaction/useful-life scale and high on the child-care burden/anxiety scale), an ambivalent type (high on both the scales), a natural type (low on both the scales), and a affirmative type (high on the child-care satisfaction/useful-life scale and low on the child-care burden/anxiety scale).(4)(1)A questionnaire survey in Thailand for the purpose of comparison was conducted on 258 mothers, (2)a handbook of child-care support to full-time mothers and their family members was prepared, and (3)child care by fathers was studied and a ninety-page report of research results was prepared. Less