Study of proof about oral life story approach for geriatric health service facility residents

本研究的目的是探讨探访老年护理机构的老人如何通过向他人讲述自己的生命故事来重建自己和珍惜余生的过程，并探讨口腔生命故事作为支持老年人终身发展的护理方案的可能性和问题。8对护理人员和老年护理机构的人员进行了3至5次面对面访谈。结果：(1)观察到护理人员对老年人及其护理的思想和态度的变化：“我完全理解病人。”“我开始对病人感兴趣了。”而透过这段说与听的经历，“我建立了信心”、“我更细心地照顾他们”、“我改变了对其他老人的看法”、“我在与病人的关系中体会到快乐与满足”。其次，(2)在访谈老年护理机构的老年人之前和之后，使用日本版的“E.H.Erikson发展任务完成量表”来评估发展任务完成的变化。在Erikson提出的8个阶段的量表中，访谈后的“生成性”和“认同性”显著提高。(3)生活故事访谈互动的变化也被调查了：对其中一对访谈内容的详细分析表明，重复对方所说的话并点头倾听对方所说的话会鼓励更广泛和更深入的生活故事内容，并表明面试者认真听取重复多次的情节的重要性。九对研究人员和老年护理机构的人员进行了五到九次面对面的采访。在访谈前后，使用上述量表对五对受试者进行评估。访谈前后8个阶段的得分均无显著差异。

The objective of this study was to investigate the process by which the elderly who visited aged care facilities reconstructed themselves and valued their remaining life by telling their life story to others, and to examine the possibility and issues of the oral life story as a nursing program supporting the life-span development of the elderly.1. Eight pairs of care staff and persons in aged care facilities performed a face-to-face interview three to five times. As a result, (1) changes in care staff thought and attitude regarding the elderly and their care were observed: "I fully understood the patient." "I got interested in the patients." And through the experience of this talking and listening relationship, "I built up my confidence," "I cared for them more carefully," "I changed my opinion about other elderly people," and through interviews, "I realized pleasure and satisfaction in my relationship with patients." Next, (2) changes in developmental task fulfillment were assessed before and after interviews of elderly in aged care facilities, using the Japanese version of the "E.H. Erikson Developmental Task Fulfillment Scales." Of scales in the 8 stages specified by Erikson, "Generativity" and "Identification" after interview were significantly increased. (3) Changes in interaction by life story interview were also investigated : detailed analysis of interview contents of one pair showed that repeating what the other said and listening to him/her with a nod encouraged wider and deeper life story content, and suggested the importance of the interviewer seriously listening to episodes that were repeated many times.2. Nine pairs of researchers and persons in aged care facilities performed face-to-face interviews five to nine times. Five pairs were assessed before and after the interview, using the above mentioned Scales. No significant differences were found between before and after interview in scores of 8 stages.