Relation Between Neurotrophic Factor Related Gene And Minor Physical Anomalies(MPAs) in Japanese Patients with Schizophrenia

近年来，许多研究者提出了精神分裂症的神经发育假说。我们假设轻微生理异常（MPAs）是精神分裂症背景下神经发育障碍的一个指示，并分析了精神分裂症患者神经营养因子相关基因与MPAs之间的关系。我们使用Waldrop量表评估了日本精神分裂症患者（n = 313）和正常对照（n =128）中MPAs的患病率。患者与对照组量表得分差异有统计学意义（p = 0.02）。在畸形耳（p= 0.039）、舌沟（p= 0.006）、高尖腭（p= 0.041）和头围（p=0.015）单项量表项目上，患者的MPAs显著高于正常对照组（p=0.015）。当我们将MPA评分中位数或高于中位数的受试者定义为高异常组时，这一组的患者明显多于正常对照组（p = 0.033）。研究了精神分裂症与脑源性神经营养因子基因（BDNF）、神经营养因子-3基因（NT-3）和睫状体神经营养因子基因（CNTF）的关系。65名精神分裂症患者根据他们的MPAs总分分为不同的组。低MPAs（2个及以下）组24例，高MPAs（3个及以上）组41例。利用上述三个基因的Genome Date Base信息，我们设计了包含二核苷酸重复序列多态性的引物，并进行了PCR。通过BDNF、NT-3和CNTF分别发现8、9和4个等位基因，分布与基因组数据库相似。低mpa组与高mpa组的比较。MPAs组各等位基因间差异不显著。

In recent years, many investigators have proposed a neurodevelopmental hypothesis in schizophrenia. We assumed that minor physical anomalies (MPAs) were one indication of the neurodevelopmental disorder in the background of schizophrenia, and we analyzed the relationship between neurotrophic factor-related genes and MPAs in schizophrenia patients.We assessed the prevalence of MPAs in Japanese patients with schizophrenia (n = 313) and normal controls (n =128) using the Waldrop scale. There was a significant difference in the scale scores between the patients and control subjects (p = 0.02). Patients had significantly more MPAs than controls on the individual scale items of malformed ears (p = 0.039), furrowed tongue (p = 0.006), high steepled palate (p = 0.041) and head circumference which was 1.5 SDs below the average of normal controls (p=0.015). When we defined subjects at or above the median MPA score to be in the high anomaly group, significantly more patients than normal controls were represented in this group (p = 0.033).And we investigated the relationship between schizophrenia and neurotrophic factor-related genes, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF), Neurotrophin-3 gene (NT-3), and the ciliary neurotrophic factor gene (CNTF).65 patients with schizophrenia were divided into groups based on their total MPAs score. There were 24 subjects in the low MPAs (2 or fewer) group and 41 subjects in the high MPAs (3 or more) group.Using the information acquired from the Genome Date Base about the three above-mentioned genes, we designed primers that amplified the range containing the polymorphism of dinucleotide repeats and administered PCR. We found 8, 9, and 4 alleles by BDNF, NT-3, and CNTF, respectively, and the distribution was similar to what is contained in the Genome Data Base. A comparison between the low MPAs group and high. MPAs group by each allele showed no significant differences.