The Development of Japanese Language Teaching Materials and Method for Non-native Elementary School Children to Study Content -area Subjects

本研究的目的是开发适合非母语儿童在日本小学学习内容领域科目的日语教材和合适的学习方法。通过走访日本几所小学，发现从口语到书面语的过渡没有得到有效的教授，仅教授内容-区域科目的词汇是不够的。为了明确小学后阶段应该教授的内容，对内容区域科目的教科书进行了分析。研究结果如下：(1)教师在课堂上做一个简单的实验，用日语给孩子讲解日语；(2)教师让孩子听和读日语课文，让孩子听和读日语课文；(2)让孩子听和读日语课文，让孩子听和读日语课文。(3)为了掌握必要的日语表达，给孩子大量的测验；(4)为了让孩子有更多的机会使用日语表达，教师让孩子读和听合适的材料，在合适的主题下说和写；(5)让孩子体验观察、实验和研究等学习技能。

The purpose of this research is to develop Japanese language teaching materials and suitable method for non-native children studying content-area subjects at Japanese elementary schools. As a result of visiting several elementary schools in Japan, it was found out that the transition from spoken language to written language was not efficiently taught and teaching only vocabulary in content-are subjects was not enough.In order to specify items to be taught at the post primary stage, textbooks of content-area subjects were analyzed. The results are as follows : textbooks excluding kokugo are mostly written in objective style ; emotional expressions as well as past negative forms of verbs and adjectives are rarely used ; passive voices and noun modifying clauses are well used ; and kanji is essential for understanding textbooks.The following direct method has been developed as a teaching method which can be implemented at elementary schools : (1) teachers do a simple experiment in the classroom, explaining to children in Japanese, and make them do the same experiment ; (2) in order to combine the experienced behavior and Japanese for children in their own, teachers make children listen to and read the Japanese text ; (3) in order to acquire necessary Japanese expressions, give children a lot of quizzes ; (4) in order to give children a lot of opportunities to use the expressions, teachers make children read and listen to suitable materials and speak and write under suitable topics ; and (5) teachers make children experience several studying skills like observation, experiment and research.Teaching materials by using the above-mentioned method are developed as "post primary teaching materials."