New teaching materials of astronomy using the webcast of the solar eclipse-Realization of the earth in the space--

在科学教育中，天文学的特点是现象规模巨大。学生在研究天文现象时，必须把自己的视点移到离自己很远的地方。让孩子们学会移动自己的观点，不仅对他们的科学教育很重要，而且对他们的成长也很重要。然而，教育家认为儿童很难获得这个概念。因此，我们开发并实践了以下教材。其中之一是利用金星凌日的网络广播，让学生学习地球、金星和太阳的相对位置。另一种是他们可以利用日食的全天网络广播来研究地球、月球和太阳的相对位置的材料。前者是学生根据在遥远的观测点获得的两幅图像计算地球与太阳之间的平均距离（1天文单位）的材料。在这种情况下，学生们将他们的观点转移到太阳系的空间。后者是学生可以利用天文馆圆顶上的实时全天空投影来虚拟体验日食的材料。几乎每个人在观察日全食或日环食时都能感觉到月亮的阴影。在经历了虚拟日食之后，几乎所有考生都能感受到月亮的阴影，并且可以轻松地将他们的视点移动到太空中。

In the science education, the characteristic of astronomy is that the scale of phenomena is huge. Students must move their viewpoints to the space far away from them when they study the astronomical phenomena. The acquisition of the concept which they can move their viewpoint is important not only to the science education but also to their growth. However, the educationist thought that it is difficult for children to acquire the concept.Therefore, we developed and practiced the following teaching materials. One of them is the material which the students can study about the relative positions of the earth, the venus and the sun using the webcast of the transit of the venus. The other is the material which they can study about the relative positions of the earth, the moon and the sun using the all sky webcast of the solar eclipse.The former is the material which the students can calculate an average distance between the earth and the sun (1 Astronomical Unit) from two images obtained at distant observing sites. In that case, the students move their viewpoints to the space of the solar system. The latter is the material which the students can have a virtual experience of the solar eclipse using real time and all sky projection on the planetarium dome. Almost people can feel the shade of the moon when they observe the total or annular solar eclipse. After examinees experienced the virtual solar eclipse, almost of them could feel the shade of the moon and could move easily their viewpoints to the space.