Study on the reality of urban heat islands in Shanghai, China

这项研究有两个主要目的：一是寻求一种经济有效的方法来开发研究发展中国家大城市热岛的观测和监测技术；二是阐明城市公园在缓解城市热岛效应方面的作用。事实证明，在1984-2005年间，上海和东京这两个亚洲特大城市的气温急剧上升。在过去的20年里，上海的年平均气温上升了1.8%以上℃。2005年的野外观测结果清楚地表明，超高指数不仅出现在秋冬季的晴天，而且出现在春季和夏季。根据风速和风向的不同，在无云之夜22时至23时，热岛强度达到最大值，7月份的热岛强度超过3.5℃。特别是，公园的城市热岛强度在19：30以后发展较低，7、8月份21：00-23：00公园与中心城区居民区的平均城市热岛强度差异最大，达到1.5℃。

This study had two main purposes; the first was to pursue a cost-effective approach to developing observation and monitoring techniques for studying urban heat island (UHI) in large cities in developing countries, and the second was to clarify the effects of municipal parks on mitigating UHI.That was proved that between 1984 and 2005, there have been sharp temperature rises in Shanghai and Tokyo, two Asian mega cities. The annual mean temperature in Shanghai has increased by over 1.8℃ in the past 20 years. The results of field observations in 2005 clearly showed that the UHIs appear on cloudless days not only in autumn and winter, but also in spring and summer. The UHI reached its greatest intensity on cloudless nights between 22:00 and 23:00, when the UHI intensity was over 3.5℃ in July depending on the wind speed and direction. In particular, the lower UHI intensity in parks developed after 19:30, and the greatest difference of mean UHI intensity between parks and central urban residential areas reached 1.5℃ between 21:00-23:00 in July and August.