STUDY ON ECONOMIC EFFECT OF PROJECTS IN MUNICIPALITIES WHERE U.S. MILITARY BASES LOCATE

维持美国军事基地的财政政策带来了以下结果。首先，冲绳县和市町村的财政实力在日本是最弱的。第二，部分基地所在地的市町村对中央政府财政支出的依赖程度较高，特别是普天间空军基地搬迁地所在地的名护市，近年来与基地相关的各种资金急剧增加。第三，尽管以经济复苏为目标的财政支出数额很大，但名护市的经济状况并没有得到改善。此外，名护市的财政状况变得更糟，名护市也是北方冲绳1000亿刺激计划的最大受益者。与基地有关的日本政府资金从1996年度占名护市预算的6.5%上升到2001年度的29.4%。尽管有大量的资金流入，但解决经济萧条的目标并没有实现。相反，将大量公共资金注入昂贵的建设项目，导致地方政府未偿还债券大幅增加。这一数字比1994财政年度的地方税和地方分配税等一般收入资源大1.6倍。此后，在2003财政年度，这一数字稳步上升至2.2倍。此外，如果普天间空军基地搬迁到边野古，预计将带来严重的环境破坏。另一方面，财政管理中的道德风险在一些市町村蔓延。例如，两年前，岐阜镇议会解决了自卫队的邀请。其目的是获得像名护市这样的大量中央政府支出。

The fiscal policy to maintain the U.S. military bases brought the following result. First, Okinawa Prefecture and municipalities have the weakest financial power in Japan. Second, some municipalities hosting bases have a high degree of dependence on fiscal expenditure of the central government.Particularly, in Nago City that has a site of the relocation of Futenma Air Base, many kinds of funds related to the bases increases rapidly recently. Third, in spite of a large sum of fiscal expenditure which aimed at the economic recovery, the economical situation of Nago City hasn't improved. Besides, the fiscal condition of Nago City becomes worse.Nago city is also the biggest beneficiary of a 100 billion stimulus plan for northern Okinawa. Japanese government funds related to the bases have jumped from comprising 6.5% of the Nago municipal budget in FY1996 to 29.4% in FY2001. In spite of the massive influx of money, the goal of solving economic depression has not been achieved. Instead, the injection of large amounts of public funding into costly construction projects have resulted in a huge increase in local government bonds outstanding. The figure was 1.6 times larger than general revenue resource, such as local taxes and local allocation tax, in FY1994. After that, it steadily increased to 2.2 times in FY2003. In addition, if the relocation of Futenma Air Base to Henoko is fulfilled, it will be expected to bring serious environmental disruption.On the other hand, moral hazard in the fiscal management has been spreading in some municipalities. For example, Irabu town assembly resolved the invitation of the Self-Defense Force two years ago. Its purpose is getting a large sum of central government expenditure like Nago City.