Behavioral-developmental researches on the origin of eating problems

Henshoku是一个日语常用词，经常用来指人们日常生活中的饮食问题。本研究尝试用心理测量学的方法定义“厌食”的语义结构，并编制了一套“厌食”心理量表，该量表包含四个分量表：1)对食物的挑剔（PE）、2)外出就餐倾向（EO）、3)对营养的冷漠（IN）和4)所吃食物的范围（RF）。为了找出与厌食相关的心理因素，我们对大学生进行了健康问卷（HQ）、日文版DEBQ、日文版新食物恐惧症（FNP）和大五人格量表（HS）。结果表明，厌食倾向，特别是PE分量表与主观健康不良感觉（HQ）、新事物恐惧症倾向（FNP）和克制性饮食倾向（DEBQ）相关。结果还表明，神经质、HS和EO呈显著正相关，开放性与EO呈显著负相关，责任心与HS、IN和RF呈显著负相关。最后，五个尽责性分量表均与HS、IN和RF相关。在日本，被称为“Henshoku”的幼儿和成年人因可能存在的营养和健康问题而备受关注。我们的研究结果表明，他们的饮食问题可能与性格特征有关，而改善他们饮食习惯的努力应该至少部分地集中在性格问题上。

Henshoku is a common word for Japanese which is used frequently to refer eating problems in everyday life among people. We tried to define the semantic structure of Henshoku by a method of psychometrics and developed a psychological scale to measure Henshoku (HS) which had four subscales measuring: 1) pickiness about food (PE), 2) tendency to Eat Out (EO), 3) indifference to nutrition (IN), and 4) Range of Food eaten (RF). In order to find some psychological correlates with Henshoku, we run the Health questionnaire(HQ), the Japanese version of DEBQ, the Japanese version of Food Neophobia(FNP), and the Big Five personality inventory together with HS to the university students. Results showed the tendency of Henshoku, especially the subscale PE, was related with subjective bad feeling for health(HQ), the tendency for neophobia(FNP) and the tendency for restraint eating(DEBQ). Results also showed that positive correlations between Neuroticism, and HS and EO, and negative correlations between Openness and EO, and negative correlations between Conscientiousness and HS, IN and RF. Finally, the five Conscientiousness subscales were all correlated with HS, IN and RF. In Japan, the toddlers and adults characterized as Henshoku have drawn much attention because of their possible nutritional and health problems. Our results suggested that their eating problems may be linked to personality characteristics, and efforts to improve their eating habits should focus, at least in part, on personality issues.