Morphological investigation for infant and immature skeletal remains of Prehistoric Japan

本项目的目的是收集史前日本婴儿和/或未成熟标本的骨骼信息，在此期间，我们将重点放在绳纹和弥生的时间段，从而提供线索来推断日本史前人口的任何个体发育方面。1.绳文时代和弥生时代未成熟骨骸数据库我们仔细研究了日本各地以往的考古发掘报告，构建了绳文时代和弥生时代未成熟骨骸数据库。未成熟标本的回收率取决于研究中心。研究中心特定偏倚似乎大于预期。2：绳文/弥生未成熟标本的线性尺寸数据收集我们使用九州大学保存的弥生标本、京都大学保存的绳文标本、东京大学保存的绳文标本和国立科学博物馆保存的绳文标本，几乎按照马丁的方法测量了线性尺寸。颅骨的三维数据采集使用本基金预算购买的三维数字化仪，我们采集了颅骨解剖标志的三维数据，以研究颅骨形状/大小的个体发育变化。我们接下来要做的是比较线性维度分析和几何形态测量分析，线性维度分析通常使用异速生长法，而几何形态测量学则使用二维或三维点数据。

The aim of this project is to collect skeletal information on infant and/or immature specimens of Prehistoric Japan, during which we focus the time periods on Jomon and Yayoi, and thus to provide a clue to infer any ontogenetic aspects of the prehistoric population in Japan. The research includes the following menus.1: Database for immature skeletal remains of Jomon and Yayoi Period We scrutinized the previous archeological excavation reports around all over the Japan and constructed the database for immature skeletal remains from Jomon and Yayoi periods. The recovery of the immature specimens was site-dependent. The site specific bias seems greater than expected. We should think of the possibility to recover any demographic parameters from this database to be premature.2: Linear dimensional data collection on Jomon/Yayoi immature specimens We measured the linear dimensions almost following to Martin's method, using Yayoi specimens stored at Kyushu University, Jomon specimens at Kyoto University, Tokyo University and National Science Museum.3 : Three-dimensional data collection for the cranium Using the 3-dimensional digitizer purchased in this grant budget, we collected the 3-d data for cranial anatomical landmarks in order to investigate the ontogenetic change of shape/size of the cranium. What we have to do afterwards includes comparisons of analyses using linear dimensions which usually use the allometry, and those using geometric morphometrics which in turn use the 2-d or 3-d points data.