MEG and rTMS study on the pathology and new treatment for, auditory hallucination in schizophrenia

在这项研究中，我们比较了7例慢性疼痛患者在rTMS治疗前后的脑电图、脑磁图和SPECT的结果。尽管疼痛症状有所改善，但所有患者的脑电图和脑磁图均有所改善。另一方面，SPECT结果仅在表现出症状改善的患者中有所改善。这些结果表明，脑电和脑磁图等电生理方法可能比SPECT等rCBF方法更敏感。我们的未来应用将是评价rTMS的几种刺激条件与脑电图和脑磁图等电生理方法之间的相关性。使用空间过滤脑磁图分析（SAM），我们几乎实时地估计了伴有/不伴有幻听的精神分裂症患者和正常对照者在Stroop任务中的神经激活情况。此外，通过包括额叶区域在内的大脑神经网络的信息处理流来检查幻听。在25-60 hz频段，每个时间窗检查显示显著电流源密度变化的皮质区域。三组的电流源密度显著降低，与神经激活相对应，在基本认知信息处理流程（感觉输入系统、执行控制系统、运动输出系统）上存在时间重叠。背外侧前额叶皮层的短暂性神经激活是双侧的，正常对照组左侧为主，非幻觉者左侧为主，幻觉者右侧为主。结果表明，在Stroop任务中，精神分裂症受试者的左背外侧前额叶皮层功能障碍与幻听有关，而信息加工流未受影响。

In this study, we compared EEG, MEG and SPECT findings before and after rTMS sessions for seven cases of chronic pain. The EEG and MEG findings improved among all patients despite the improvement of pain symptoms. On the other hands, the SPECT findings improved among only the patients who showed the improved symptoms. These results suggest that the electrophysioloical methods like EEG and MEG might be more sensitive than rCBF methods like SPECT. Our future application would be the evaluation of correlation between-several stimulus conditions of rTMS and the electrophysioloical methods like EEG and MEG.Using a spatially filtered magnetoencephalography analysis (SAM), we estimated neural activations in the Stroop task in nearly real time for schizophrenic patients with/without auditory hallucinations and for normal control subjects. In addition, auditory hallucinations were examined through the information processing flow of the brain neural network, including the frontal regions. In the 25-60-Hz band, cortical regions that showed significant current source density changes were examined for each time window. The three groups showed significantly decreased current source density, corresponding to neural activation, with temporal overlap along the fundamental cognitive information processing flow: sensory input system, executive control system, motor output system. Transient neural activations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were bilateral with left-side dominancy for normal controls, left-lateralized for nonhallucinators and right-lateralized for hallucinators. Our results suggest that the dysfunction in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was related to auditory hallucinations, while the information processing flow was unaffected in the schizophrenic subjects in the Stroop task.