Aesthetics from Science of National Literature with a special reference to Okazaki Yoshie's concept of Science of Japanese Literature (Nihon Bungei-gaku)

本研究以如何建构日本本土美学为研究目的，试图厘清冈崎义江在建立一门创新的日本文学科学上所面临的有趣挑战。他称之为“日本文学论”（Nihon Bungei-ron）。国学有着悠久的历史，明治时期，它沿袭西学的风格和形式，转变为国学文学学。也就是说，“国学”也被要求现代化。羽贺弥一是一位推动国学观念变革的大学者，他试图将国学传统向文字学方向重新梳理。冈崎是他的学生之一，但他不同意羽贺的“国分学”的建议，因为羽贺的“国分学”似乎仍然保留了“国分学”的特征以及与日本文学研究有关的各个领域，如民俗学，人类学，语言学等。冈崎利用德国文学科学的成果，使文学科学系统化。在他看来，西学文艺美学似乎提出了一种理性的概念化方式，一种文学研究学科的系统秩序，一种对文学及其研究的批判态度，等等，这些因素将有助于消解日本学者和学术界的思想局限，促进日本文学学的更新。

With a broader research interest in how to construct indigene Japanese aesthetics in mind, this research project tries to clarify OKAZAKI Yoshie's interesting challenge to establish an innovative science of Japanese literature. He called it as "Nihon Bungei-ron" (science of Japanese literature). National learning ("koku-gaku") has had a long history, which transformed into science of national learning and literature ("kokubun-gaku") in the Meiji era, following the style and form of Western learning. In other words, "koku-gaku" was also requested to be modernized. Haga Yaichi was a great scholar who promoted the conceptual change of "koku-gaku", trying to rearrange the tradition of "koku-gaku" in the direction of philology. Okazaki was one of his students, but he could not agree with Haga in that Haga's proposal of "kokubun-gaku" seemed to retain still the character of "koku-gaku" and various fields relating to study on Japanese literature such as folklore, anthropology, linguistics, etc. Instead, Okazaki suggests the concept of "kokubun-gaku" as a research on the meaning of literature ("bungei"). Okazaki made use of accomplishments of Literaturwissenschaft in Germany to systematize science of literature. To him, aesthetics of literature in Western learning seemed to be proposing a rational way of conceptualization, a systematic order of literature studies as a discipline, a critical attitude to literature and its studies, etc., those elements of which would contribute deconstruction of the limit of Japanese scholars' and academic world's mentality to update the science of Japanese literature.