Regulation and Potential Growth Rate : Analysis Based on Firm and Industrial Level Data

为了考察放松管制对经济增长的影响，我们与经济产业研究所合作，制作了产业管制指数。关于该指数和日本产业生产率数据库（JIP数据库）的详细说明，请参见尾等（2006），中西、犬井（2007）对1975年至2002年的产业全要素生产率（TFP）和产出增长率的影响进行了实证分析。分析结果表明，在这一时期，特别是在非制造业，放松管制对生产率和产出增长都产生了积极的影响。Inui and Matsuda（2007）通过实证分析了经济周期与日本产业利润率的关系。我们发现，与其他行业相比，竞争性行业和管制较少行业的利润率具有顺周期性，除了放松管制的影响外， ...更多信息 关于产业生产率的变化，我们还在Hijzen，Inui and Todo（2006 a），（2006 b）和Tokui，Inui and Ochiai（2007）中考察了全球化和资本老化对日本企业TFP增长的影响。分析表明，通过对外直接投资和外包实现的国际化，对生产率增长等国内企业的业绩产生了积极影响。Tokui，Inui and Ochiai（2007）证明了日本企业通过新资本投资实现的具体技术变革的重要性。这些结果意味着，为了实现更高的生产率增长，有必要通过进一步放宽管制来促进外包和新投资。Nakanshi（2005）研究了日本制造业IT资本的外部性，发现外部性的增加导致劳动力使用的减少。中西（2006）的实证结果表明，IT资本对日本GDP增长有显著的积极影响。少

In order to examine the effects of deregulation on economic growth, we created an index of industry regulation in cooperation with the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry. A detailed explanation of the index and Japanese Industry Productivity data base (JIP data base) is found in Fukao, et al. (2006).In Nakanishi and Inui (2007), we conducted an empirical analysis of the impact of deregulation on the industrial total factor productivity (TFP) and output growths in the period between 1975 and 2002. The analysis revealed that the deregulation had positive impacts on both productivity and output growths in that period, especially in the non-manufacturing industries.Inui and Matsuda (2007) analyze the relationship between the business cycle and the Japanese industrial mark-up ratio, empirically. We find that the mark-up rations in the competitive and less regulated industries move pro-cyclically comparing to those in the other industries.In addition to the effect of deregulat … More ion on the industrial productivity, we also examined the effects of globalization and the capital vintage on the Japanese firms' TFP growths in Hijzen, Inui and Todo(2006a), (2006b) and Tokui, Inui and Ochiai(2007). Our analyses showed that Japanese firms' globalization through outward foreign direct investments and outsourcing has positive impact on domestic firms' performance, such as their productivity growth. Tokui, Inui and Ochiai(2007) prove the importance of the embodied technical change realized through new capital investments in Japanese firms. These results imply that promotion of outsourcing and new investments through further deregulation is necessary in order to achieve a higher productivity growth.Nakanshi (2005) examines the externalities of IT capital in Japanese manufacturing industries and finds that increase in the externalities results in a decrease in the use of labor. Nakanishi's (2006) empirical results show that IT capital has a significant positive impact on GDP growth in Japan. Less