Cooperative Phenomena in Complex Liquids

复杂液体是一种由于环境或组成因素而具有复杂性质的液体。本项目的目的是通过研究复杂液体作为空间和时间层次的体现来开发凝聚态物理学中的新概念。为了实现这一目标，我们激活了群体之间的互动，并通过实验、理论和计算机模拟来促进研究。我们还努力将研究结果告知项目外的成员。我们开发了新的实验技术、新的理论方法和新的计算机模拟算法，以阐明复杂液体中的分级结构。利用这些实验、理论和模拟方法，我们发现了以下复杂液体的新现象和微观结构.极端条件下复杂液体中键合性质的变化.复杂多组分复杂液体中的成键特性。复杂的液体由于复杂的层次结构。预湿现象。5.异常松弛。6.相变的缓慢动态。7.嵌段共聚物中的结构形成。高分子溶液的模拟。1999年1月11日至12日，我们在庆应义塾大学物理系组织了一次关于复杂液体的研究会议。大多数成员出席了会议并介绍了研究结果。进行了积极的讨论。整个研究由1995年4月至1999年3月的4年内的结果，已载于1999年2月出版的报告书内。

A complex liquid is a kind of liquid which has complex properties due either to environmental or compositional elements. The purpose of the present project is to exploit new concepts in condensed matter physics by investigating complex liquids as embodiments of spatial and temporal hierarchy. In order to achieve this purpose, we have activated the interactions between groups, and promoted researches by experiments, theories and computer simulations. We have also make efforts to inform the results of our researches to the members as to the outside of our project.We have developed new experimental techniques, new theoretical methods and new algorithms for computer simulations for the purpose of elucidating the hierarchical structures in complex liquids. By making use of these experimental, theoretical and simulational methods, we have found new phenomena and microscopic structures of the following complex liquids.1. Change of bonding properties in complex liquids under extreme conditions.2. Bonding properties in complex liquids in complicated multi-components.3. Complex liquids due to complicated hierarchical structures.4. Prewetting phenomena.5. Anomalous relaxation.6. Slow dynamics of phase transitions.7. Structure formations in block copolymers.8. Simulation of polymer solutions.From 11-12 January 1999, we have organized a research meeting on complex liquids at Department of Physics, Keio University. Most of the members have attended and presented the results of the researches. Active discussions were carried out. The results of the whole researches during the four years from April 1995 to March 1999 are found in the report booklet published in February 1999.