Feasibility study to assess the ecotoxicological and toxicological impact on sediments as a result of the July 2021 flood in the transition from the low mountain range to the lowlands.

由于全球气候变化，未来几十年极端洪水事件的数量和强度将增加。在这里申请的可行性研究框架内，2021年7月莱茵兰-腭骨的和北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚的特大洪水对环境和人类的毒理学危害将使用基于毒理学的方法（EBM）进行检查研究结果将与亚琛工业大学以前对污染物负荷的沉积学研究结果结合起来，以及最近批准的关于沉积学和重金属分析极端洪水对沉积物无机污染物负荷的特设项目，以便尽可能全面地了解2021年极端洪水，确定进一步的研究问题，并为未来的预防和行动建议奠定基础。在德国，就其生态毒理学（对环境）和人类毒理学（对人类）潜力而言，事件发生后，立即在研究区域和战略位置的大面积区域采集了水、悬浮沉积物和沉积物样品，包括房屋中沉积的污泥。该项目的目标是调查2021年7月的洪水事件是否代表与生态和人类毒理学影响相关的“有毒洪水”，这是由于污染沉积物和新污染物的重新流动。详细说明，确定了以下目标：（i）调查2021年7月特大洪水期间生态和人类毒理学有效有机污染物的输入和动员;（ii）调查2021年7月特大洪水对沉积物、悬浮物和水样的生态毒理学和人类毒理学影响;（三）查明洪水带来的有机污染物，并查明造成（生态）毒性影响的驱动因素;（四）分析有机污染物迁移的时间和空间模式，毒理学效应，并确定了解这种极端事件期间整个集水区污染物迁移过程的重要性; ㈤就毒理学和沉积学以及水动力学结果之间的相互关系和相互作用得出初步结论

Extreme flood events will increase in quantity and intensity in the next decades as a consequence of global climate change. Within the framework of the feasibility study applied for here, the toxicological hazards for the environment and humans associated with the extreme flood in July 2021 in Rhineland-Palatinate and North Rhine-Westphalia will be examined using a combination of Effect-based Methods (EBMs) and chemical analyses.The findings will be put into context with the results on previous sedimentological studies on pollutant loading from RWTH Aachen University as well as the recently approved ad-hoc-project on inorganic pollutant loading of sediments by the extreme flood on sedimentology and heavy metal analysis, in order to obtain as comprehensive a picture as possible of the extreme flood 2021, to identify further research questions and to develop a basis for future recommendations for prevention and action.For the first time it is possible to consider an event classified as a 10,000-year flood in Germany with regard to its ecotoxicological (for the environment) and human toxicological (for humans) potential. Immediately after the event, water, suspended sediment, and sediment samples, including sludge deposited in houses, were taken over a wide area in the study area and at strategic locations.The goal of the project is to investigate whether the July 2021 flood event represents a "Toxic Flood" associated with eco- and human toxicological impacts due to remobilization of polluted- sediments and new pollutant inputs.In detail, the following goals are defined: (i) Investigation of the input and mobilization of eco- and human-toxicologically effective organic pollutants during the extreme flood in July 2021;(ii) Investigation of ecotoxicological and human toxicological effects on sediments, suspended sediments and water samples of the extreme flood in July 2021; (iii) Identification of organic pollutants introduced by the flood and identification of drivers of the (eco)toxicological effects;(iv) Analyzing the temporal and spatial patterns for the transport of the organic pollutants and the (eco)toxicological effects and determining the importance for the process understanding of the transport of the pollutants in the complete catchment area during such an extreme event;(v) Drawing first conclusions on correlations and interactions between toxicological and sedimentological as well as hydrodynamic results