Proposal for Novel Treatment Technologies and Management Systems of Laboratory Wastes

本研究的目的是评估“超临界水氧化法”和“生化降解法”等废弃物处理技术作为传统煅烧法的替代方法处理高校实验室废弃物的可行性。本项目的成果概括如下：1.利用东京大学柏和校区的超临界水氧化装置对实验室废水进行了处理。结果表明，含氯化合物等简单有机物的废水可以完全降解，不会产生二恶英和腐蚀问题.设计了一种小型超临界水氧化反应器，用于实验室废水的现场处理。实验证实，超临界水氧化紧凑式反应器成功地分解了实验室废弃物中的主要化学物种.细胞色素P450对有害有机物的降解能力 ...更多信息 菌株EP 1和戈登氏菌菌株EP 4。存在细菌P450是降解废水中有害有机化学品的潜在工具的可能性。以聚乙烯醇（PVA）凝胶为载体，将降解二氯甲烷（DCM）的细菌Ralstonia metallidurans PD 11固定化，用于生物反应器中处理DCM。PVA凝胶固定化R. metallidurans PD 11被认为是生物修复的潜在候选者，以消除来自研究实验室的排水中的DCM。实验证实，铁氧化细菌，氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌株MON-1是高度抗汞的菌株，其汞挥发活性非常强。此外，还研制了一种电培养装置，使该菌株在少量培养基中达到高浓度。这些结果表明，培养的细菌可用于土壤净化或废水处理，通过挥发和回收汞污染的土壤和废水中的选择性。少

The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of such waste treatment technologies as "supercritical water oxidation (SCWO)" and "biochemical degradation", as an alternative method to conventional calcination process for the treatment of laboratory wastes in universities. The outreaches of this project are summarized as follows.1. Laboratory wastewater treatment was carried out with the aid of SCWO facility in Kashiwa Campus, The University of Tokyo. The results suggested that the wastewater that consists of simple organics including chlorinated compounds can be completely destructed without the problems of dioxine formation and corrosion.2. An SCWO compact sized reactor was designed for the purpose of on-site treatment of laboratory wastewater. It was experimentally confirmed that the major chemical species in laboratory wastes were successfully decomposed using the SCWO compact reactor.3. The degradation ability of hazardous organic chemicals by cytochrome P450-producing … More bacteria, Rhodococcus sp. strain EP1 and Gordonia sp. strain EP4, was investigated. A possibility exists that the bacterial P450s are potential tools in the degradation of hazardous organic chemicals in waste water. A dichloromethane (DCM)-degrading bacterium, Ralstonia metallidurans PD11, was immobilized in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel to use in a bioreactor for DCM treatment. The PVA gel-immobilized cell of R. metallidurans PD11 is thought to be a prospective candidate for bioremediation to eliminate DCM from drainage water from research laboratories.4. It was experimentally confirmed that Iron-Oxidizing Bacterium, Asidithiobacillus ferrooxidans Strain MON-1 is a highly mercury-resistant strain and that its mercury volatilization activity is remarkably strong. Besides, an electrical cultivation device was made to get this strain into a high concentration in a small amount of culture medium. These results suggest that the cultured bacteria can be used for soil purification or wastewater treatment through volatilization and recovery of mercury selectively from mercury-polluted soil and wastewater. Less