Dissolving Urban Boundaries: Spaces of opportunity in European cities in the era of defortification, c. 1750 to 1920

主要的问题是，在城市中，放弃它们几个世纪以来所依赖的军事防御工事，可能会出现变化。为了把握伴随而来的城市边界消解的历史维度和复杂性（这一主题迄今为止受到的学术关注太少），本研究对欧洲各城市进行了比较。在三个范例的基础上，分析了由城市边界的基本转变引起的空间重新编码，这些范例是相互关联的子项目：入口广场、绿地和卫生区。丰富的文献致力于他们在各个学科是第一次系统地评估。为城市社会的新活动提供了机会空间，加强了城市与周围农村之间的联系，同时重塑了城市传统的内部存在。将建筑史、城市规划史和园艺史的学科结合在一起，这本集体专著从一个共同的角度审视了三个子项目。其目标是对整个欧洲城市边界解体的过程进行重点突出、以问题为基础的毁林叙述。

The main question concerns the potential for change emerging in cities forsaking the military fortifications they had relied on for centuries. In order to grasp the historical dimension and complexity of the concomitant dissolution of urban boundaries (a topic which has received too little scholarly attention hitherto), the study compares various European cities. The spatial recoding caused by this fundamental transformation of urban boundaries is analysed on the basis of three paradigmatic, interrelated subprojects: entrance plazas, green spaces, and hygiene zones. The abundance of literature devoted to them in various disciplines is systematically evaluated for the first time. Spaces of opportunity arose for new activities for urban society, strengthening the bonds between the city and the surrounding countryside, and simultaneously reshaping the city’s traditional internal existence. Bringing together the disciplines of architectural history, the history of urban planning, and the history of gardening, this collective monograph examines the three subprojects from a common standpoint. The goal is to produce a focused, problem-based account of defortification as a process of the dissolution of urban boundaries throughout Europe.