What makes them ionic liquids?

离子液体是一类新型的液体，由于其独特的性质和作为功能液体的潜在用途而引起人们的广泛关注。其独特的热行为表现在宽温区的预熔、过冷和复杂的热历史。为了阐明它们的独特性，我们用量热法、拉曼光谱和核磁共振弛豫测量进行了系统的研究，研究表明，导致这种独特性的一个重要因素是烷基链的柔性和构象的多样性，最近发现将Au溅射沉积到离子液体表面可以在液体中生成纳米粒子没有额外的稳定剂。小角X射线散射实验表明，在一定温度下，粒子大小相对均匀，离子液体的种类和捕获离子液体的温度是决定粒子大小的决定性因素。

Ionic liquids constitute a new class of liquids, which attract much attention because of their characteristic properties and potential utilities as functional liquids. Unique properties are remarkably manifested in their thermal behaviors such as premelting over a wide temperature range, excessive supercooling, and the existence of complex thermal histories. To elucidate their uniqueness, we have made systematic studies with calorimetry, Raman spectroscopy and relaxation measurements of NMR, aiming at deeper understanding of the underlying mechanism The studies show that one of most important factors to cause the uniqueness is the flexibility of alkyl chains and various conformations.It was recently discovered that sputter deposition of Au onto the surface of an ionic liquid generates nanoparticles in the liquid with no additional stabilizing agents. With small-angle X-ray scattering experiments, it is revealed that the particle size is relatively uniform for a fixed temperature and that the definitive factors to determine the size are the type of ionic liquid and temperature of the capture ionic liquid.