Wire Arc 3D-Printer

所要求的金属线3D打印机(Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing；WAAM)是一种来自基于纤维的添加剂制造领域的系统。在这种3D打印技术中，金属丝形式的金属材料通过金属惰性气体(MIG)焊接系统选择性地熔化，产生的熔滴通过可操作的建筑平台或通过机器人系统施加。专门用于3D打印应用的软件和控制系统终于能够从准备好的CAD模型逐层生成组件。与基于粉末床的3D打印工艺相比，金属线3D打印可以在相对较短的时间内生产出更大的零件，这注定了该工艺在建筑机械工程、钢铁建筑和航空工程领域的应用。要加工的材料和合金组合包括镍基合金、铝合金、钛合金和铜合金以及各种类型的钢。应该指出的是，仍然需要进行研究，特别是在淬透性、显微组织和抗氧化性方面的低合金铜成分领域。在镍基合金的金属线3D打印方面也有研究空白需要填补。在这里，例如，局部工件冷却策略对γ‘和γ’-析出物的微观结构的影响是有趣的话题。主要用户(LWT)的进一步研究问题包括冷喷涂粉末技术3D打印与WAAM工艺的比较及其相互协同效应。在连接技术方面，有待解决的问题是金属丝印制氧敏感元件的高温可焊性。ISF作为拟议设备的共同用户(10%)，正在研究机械加工领域的问题。这包括计划中的深钻研究项目，以及添加制造的部件的铣削表面结构，以纠正与CAD模型的偏差。WPT也有10%的使用份额，它与材料和测试技术中的研究问题有关，例如添加制造的Ti-6Al-4V和Al-12Si合金中缺陷的形成及其对疲劳行为的影响。最后，由于利用率份额为5%，英国《金融时报》应该提到，它涉及WAAM螺杆机的制造？具有可变的转子几何形状。除了这些计划中的焦点外，申请的WAAM设施最终将补充多特蒙德大学在现有粉末工艺之外，利用基于细丝的3D打印工艺制造金属添加剂领域的研究前景。

The requested metal wire 3D printer (Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing; WAAM) is a system from the field of filament-based additive manufacturing. With this 3D printing technology, metallic materials in the form of wires are selectively melted by means of a metal inert gas (MIG) welding system and the resulting molten droplets are applied via a manipulable building platform or via a robot system. The software and control system, which has been specially adapted for 3D printing applications, is finally capable of generatively producing the components layer by layer from prepared CAD models. Compared to powder bed-based 3D printing processes, metal wire 3D printing can produce much larger components in a relatively short time, which predestines the process for the fields of constructive mechanical engineering, steel construction and aeronautical engineering. The portfolio of materials and alloys to be processed includes nickel-based alloys, aluminium alloys, titanium alloys and copper alloys in addition to various types of steel. It should be noted that there is still a need for research, especially in the area of low-alloyed copper compositions in the areas of hardenability, microstructure and oxidation resistance. There are also research gaps to be filled in the metal wire 3D printing of nickel-based alloys. Here, for example, the influence of a local workpiece cooling strategy on the microstructure of the γ'- and γ''-precipitates are interesting topics. Further research questions on the part of the main user (LWT) include the comparison of powder-technological 3D printing by means of cold spraying with the WAAM process and their mutual synergy effects. In joining technology, open questions are located in the areas of high-temperature brazeability of metal-wire-printed oxygen-sensitive components. The ISF, as a co-user (10%) of the proposed equipment, is researching issues in the field of machining. This includes planned research projects on deep drilling as well as on milling surface structures of additively manufactured components to correct deviations from the CAD model. The WPT, which also has a 10% share of use, is linked to research questions in materials and testing technology, such as the formation of defects in additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V and Al-12Si alloys and their influence on fatigue behaviour. Finally, with a utilisation share of 5%, the FT should be mentioned, which deals with WAAM manufacturing of screw machines?? with variable rotor geometry. In addition to these planned focal points, the WAAM facility applied for will finally complement the research landscape at TU-Dortmund in the field of metallic additive manufacturing with filament-based 3D printing processes in addition to the already existing powder-based processes.