Functional Relevance of Epimuscular Interactions: An Approach with Ultrasound Elastography to Reveal Aging-Related Changes

在第一阶段，(I)获得伦理批准；(Ii)准备执行第一方案所需的材料；(Iii)建立(Iv)初步实验，(V)进行第一方案的实验并分析(Vi)数据。第一方案测试肘屈肌的活动对腕关节的影响的结果支持我们关于前臂上肌肌筋膜力传递的功能相关性的假设：结果表明：(I)刺激臂尺肌(BR)导致腕屈扭矩显著增加。不仅激活的腕屈肌(BR)的弹性模量显著增加，而且远端腕屈肌(FCR)的弹性模量也显著增加。(2)主动屈腕时，屈腕肌的弹性模数FCR显著增加。2016年7月，在芝加哥举行的国际肌电图学和运动学学会(ISEK)会议上，提交了结果，并将结果提交并展示为：前臂外周肌肉相互作用的功能相关性：超声弹性成像在体内的评估。数据也在(I)土耳其伊兹密尔的Katip Celebi大学和(Ii)土耳其伊斯坦布尔的Yedepe大学提交。除了计划的工作外，建立了第二方案(测试髋关节屈曲自愿收缩期间对抗之间的相互作用对大腿肌肉的影响)，第二方案的实验是在健康的年轻人身上完成的。

During the first period, (i) ethical approval was obtained (ii) materials necessary to perform Protocol I were prepared; (iii) setup was established with (iv) preliminary experiments, (v) experiments of Protocol I were performed and (vi) data was analyzed.The results of Protocol I testing the effects of activity of an elbow flexor on the wrist joint supported our hypotheses on functional relevance of epimuscular myofascial force transmission for forearm: It was shown that (i) stimulation of brachioradialis (BR) caused a significant increase in wrist flexion torque. Elastic modulus of not only activated BR but also distant flexor carpi radialis (FCR) muscle increased significantly. (ii) During voluntary wrist flexion, elastic modulus of a wrist flexor, FCR significantly increased. Elastic modulus of BR increased, as well while the increase in the EMG RMS values were slight.Results were submitted and presented as ‘Functional Relevance of Epimuscular Interactions at Forearm: In vivo Assessments with Ultrasound Elastography’ in the International Society of Electromyography and Kinesiology (ISEK) Conference in Chicago in July 2016.Data was also presented in (i) Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey and (ii) Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.Additional to the planned work, setup of Protocol II (testing the effects of inter-antagonistic interactions on thigh muscles during hip flexion voluntary contraction) was established, preliminary works were performed, and the experiments of Protocol II were completed in healthy young adults.