The DESI Lyman-alpha data: first analysis and constraints on neutrinos and Dark Matter

随着致力于宇宙学的新一代光学巡天的出现，粒子物理学和宇宙学之间的前沿基本问题可以向前迈出一大步，其中最重要的是中微子质量的未知值和暗物质（DM）的性质。暗能量光谱仪器DESI现在提供的Lyman-alpha （Lya）森林数据具有前所未有的统计和质量，其红移范围从2到5，是探索这两个问题的理想选择。DESI-Lya项目将分为三部分。其中一个部分将致力于理论发展，以优化Lya森林中中微子质量信号的探测，并模拟DM模型对可观测数据的影响。另一个组件将使用1D和新颖的3D测量来优化DESI Lya数据的分析，以达到该项目感兴趣的尺度和红移所需的精度。最后，为了将这两个部分联系起来，我们将开发新的工具，用于使用模拟器和优化的流体动力学模拟来解释Lya数据。这些成分结合在一起，应该会对Lya数据中的中微子质量产生前所未有的强大和健壮的约束（或对探测的重要暗示），以及对DM情景（温暖的、轴子样的或相互作用的DM）的新看法。

With the advent of new-generation optical surveys dedicated to cosmology, a major step forward can be taken on fundamental questions at the frontier between particle physics and cosmology, none the least being the unknown values of the neutrino masses and the nature of dark matter (DM). The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument DESI is now providing Lyman-alpha (Lya) forest data of unprecedented statistics and quality, at redshifts from 2 to 5 that are ideal to probe these two questions. The DESI-Lya project will be three-fold. One component will be devoted to theoretical developments to optimize the detection of a signal from neutrino masses in the Lya forest and model the impact of DM models on the observables. Another component will optimize analyses of DESI Lya data using both 1D and novel 3D measurements to reach the required accuracy on the scales and redshifts of interest for this project. Finally, to link these two components, we will develop new tools for the interpretation of the Lya data using emulators and optimized hydrodynamical simulations. These components combined should lead to an unprecedented strong and robust constraint on neutrino masses from Lya data (or to a significant hint of a detection), as well as new views on DM scenarios (warm, axion-like or interacting DM).