Research on advanced communication environment for shelters in large-scale disasters

本研究揭示了灾后避难所内避难者的通信需求，并主张为避难所内避难者开发一种全新的通信服务，以保持与避难所外避难者以及避难所内避难者的通信渠道。然后，我们提出的假设和要求，在发展这样的服务，并显示服务和系统的概念，称为“庇护所通信系统（SCS）”。SCS由连接到互联网的计算机（称为避难所服务器）和一组个人计算机（称为避难所PC）组成，每个避难所中有一台个人计算机，这些个人计算机也通过适当的互联网接入连接（例如高速分组接入（HSPA））连接到互联网。避难所服务器和避难所PC协同为避难所内和避难所外的人提供信息通信服务。在3月11日东日本大地震后的灾后恢复之际，在东松岛市使用开发的SCS原型建造了多跳无线网络，并为避难所提供了SCS服务。

This research sheds light on communication needs of evacuees in shelters during post-disaster period and advocates that it is essential to develop a completely new communication service for those in shelters to maintain communication channels with those outside shelters as well as with those in other shelters. We then present assumptions and requirements in developing such service and show a service and system concept, termed"Shelter Communication System(SCS)". SCS is composed of a computer(termed Shelter Server) connected to the Internet and a set of personal computers(termed shelter PCs), one in each shelter, also connected to the Internet via an appropriate Internet access connection such as High Speed Packet Access(HSPA). Shelter Server and Shelter PCs cooperatively provide a message communication service for those in shelters and those outside shelters. A multi-hop wireless network was built and SCS service was provided for a shelter using a developed SCS prototype in Higashi-Matsushima City on the occasion of disaster recovery after March 11 Great East Japan Earthquake.