Micro- and Nanostructured Functional Materials

在该项目的框架内，计划购置一台多功能粉末衍射仪和一台具有多个激发波长和探测器的原子力显微镜-拉曼显微镜，用于纳米材料的空间分辨化学结构分析，以便尽可能利用各种方法(除了粉末衍射、掠入射、PDF和残余应力测量之外)进行最广泛的结构分析。这一新设备将用于研究燃料电池的纳米材料，开发新型涂层，并研究用于氢技术的钢的结构-性能关系。首先是聚合物电解质燃料电池(PEMFC)替代电极和催化剂载体材料的开发和研究，并对其运行过程中的老化进行研究。此外，还将研究分散在SPEK中的钛酸盐纳米管形式的新型质子导电膜，作为迄今使用的材料的无氟替代品。除了PEM的材料外，还将研究残余应力对钢的脆性的影响。钢将在氢的运输和储存中发挥重要作用，例如作为容器材料。众所周知，氢会导致钢的脆化，因此可以假定钢中的残余应力将对材料的稳定性产生影响。在医疗技术领域还出现了关于残余应力的进一步问题。例如，在植入物的情况下，衬底中的应力可能会导致涂层系统中的缺陷。除了本项目提出的具体研究方法外，选择这两个设备是为了为其他主题提供重要的支持。

Within the framework of this project, it is planned to procure a multi-purpose powder diffractometer with interchangeable tubes for the most versatile structure elucidation possible using a wide range of methods (in addition to powder diffraction, grazing incidence, PDF and residual stress measurements) as well as a coupled AFM-Raman microscope with multiple excitation wavelengths and detectors for spatially resolved chemical-structural analysis on nanomaterials. This new equipment will be used to study nanomaterials for fuel cells, to develop novel coatings, and to study structure-property relationships of steels for hydrogen technologies. First and foremost is the development and investigation of alternative electrode and catalyst support materials for the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC), on which aging during operation is to be investigated. Furthermore, new proton conducting membranes in the form of titanate nanotubes dispersed in sPEEK will be investigated as a fluorine-free alternative for the materials used so far. In addition to the materials for the PEM, the influence of residual stresses on the embrittlement of steels will be investigated. Steel will play an important role in the transport and storage of hydrogen, e.g. as a container material. Hydrogen is known to cause embrittlement of steel, so it can be assumed that residual stresses in steel will have an influence on the stability of the material. Further questions about residual stresses arise in the field of medical technology. In the case of implants, for example, stresses in the substrate can lead to defects in the coating systems. The two devices were selected to provide important support for other topics in addition to the specific research approaches presented in this project.