Tradition and Innovation. (1) Old and new churches in the religious market of South Africa (2) The Economy of Sacred Space in Durban, South Africa

该项目调查了南非德班内外的神圣空间的建设。从概念上讲，我们的分析将神圣空间的诗学与其政治联系起来：通过对宗教场所实际生产的实证研究，我们认为，宗教空间的建构依赖于与其他社会、政治或经济空间秩序的差异的建立--构成其政治的对抗、协商与合作--而这种差异又依赖于宗教空间的诗学，主位观点主张与所有其他类型的空间秩序有本质区别，从而确立了圣地的异位特征。在这个框架内，我们区分两种类型的神圣空间：绝对和相对的神圣空间。这种概念上的差异不仅与诗学有关，也与神圣空间的政治有关，因为不同的生产方式导致了宗教领域的结构性差异。与过分强调圣地政治冲突性质的其他方法不同，该项目考虑到了共享圣地的多种形式，除了对使命、非洲独立教会和五旬节教会以及穆斯林社区的既定研究之外，该项目现在还包括对主流教会中的移民基督徒、祖鲁宗教传统的实践者和印度教徒的研究。德班的宗教景观及其众多移民社区的特殊性要求我们的分析不能局限于德班内的圣地，而且还考虑到德班圣地建设的区域和跨国方面。

The project investigates the construction of sacred space in and beyond Durban, South Africa. Conceptually, our analysis relates the poetics of sacred space to its politics: based on the empirical study of the actual production of sacred places, we propose that the construction of sacred space rests on the establishment of a difference to other social, political or economic spatial orders - the confrontations, negotiations and co-operations that constitute its politics - which in turn rests on the poetics of sacred space, on the emic views that claim an essential difference to all other kinds of spatial order and thus establish the heterotopic character of sacred places. Within this frame we distinguish between two types of sacred space: absolute and relative sacred space. This conceptual differentiation does not only pertain to the poetics but also to the politics of sacred space, as distinct modes of production lead to structural differences in the religious field. In contrast to other approaches who overemphasise the conflictual nature of the politics of sacred space, this projects takes account of the many forms of sharing sacred places.Next to the already established research on Mission, African Independent and Pentecostal churches and the Muslim communities, the project now also includes research on migrant Christians in Mainline churches, on practitioners of Zulu religious traditions, and on Hindus. The special character of the religious landscape of Durban with its many migrant communities demands that our analysis cannot be limited to the sacred places located within Durban, but also takes account of the regional and transnational aspects in the construction of sacred space in Durban.