Between Planning and Lived Practice: Children and Youth in the Residential Open Space of New Urban Expansion Projects

虽然自20世纪60年代以来的规划工作更多地以用户的需求为导向，但开放空间的规划和实际使用往往大相径庭。在这个子项目中，以儿童和青少年为重点，研究了郊区社区住宅开放空间的使用和占用。目标是将开放空间的实际实践与这些社区的规划意图进行对比。我们看到了郊区社区的研究差距，特别是关于7到13岁的“大孩子”或“青少年”的焦点群体。他们还没有足够的流动性离开自己的社区去寻找城市内部的公共空间，但是他们已经有足够的流动性独立地离开家庭和私人花园的直接父母的私人环境，并适应居住环境。以20世纪90年代以来的郊区住宅开发为例，我们将从两个角度并置：(A)使用空间的“大孩子”或“青少年”的角度；(B)负责郊区社区规划、设计和建设的规划参与者的角度。这两种观点将进行比较，以获得规划的见解，并有助于理解开放空间的空间构成、参与者以及规划的影响研究。主要研究问题是：（观点A）我们可以描述儿童对开放空间的使用和占有的类型以及儿童自己如何感知这些类型？（视角B）我们记录的这些开放空间实践与规划人员在空间中所记录的预期设计和使用之间的关系是什么？从这两个角度来看，室外和室内空间之间的关系、数字和数字化实践的作用和重要性，以及疫情对开放空间设计造成的使用限制实践和后果。本项目采用空间分析方法和实证社会研究方法（包括走查、焦点访谈、叙事映射）相结合的方法来回答这些研究问题。与SP 6、8和9一起，将在项目开始时决定在案例研究的框架内对定居点进行深入调查。为了将重点放在儿童用户群体上，将采用联合数据会议的形式，以不同的方式与方案1、2、4、5、6、8和9进行非常密切的合作。

Although the effort of planning since the 1960s has been oriented more towards the needs of the users, the planned and actual use of open spaces often diverge greatly. In this subproject, the use and appropriation of residential open spaces in suburban neighborhoods is investigated by the focus on children and youth. The goal is to contrast actual practices in open space with planning intentions for these neighborhoods. We see a research gap for suburban neighborhoods specifically with respect to the focus group of "big kids" or "young teens" aged seven to thirteen years. They are not yet mobile enough to leave their own neighborhoods to seek out inner-city public spaces, but who are nevertheless already mobile enough to independently leave the immediate parental private environment of home and private garden and appropriate the residential environment. Using the example of suburban housing development since the 1990s, we will work with the juxtaposition of two perspectives: (A) the perspective of the "big kids" or "young teens" using the spaces and (B) the perspective of the planning actors responsible for the planning, design and construction of suburban neighborhoods. Both perspectives will be compared to gain insights for planning and to contribute to the understanding of the spatial constitution of open spaces the actors as well as the impact research of planning. Key research questions are: (Perspective A) What types of children's use and appropriation of open spaces can we describe and how are these perceived by children themselves? (Perspective B) What is the relationship of these open space practices documented by us of open spaces versus the intended design and use inscribed in space by planners? In both perspectives, the relationship between outdoor and indoor spaces and the role and importance of digital and digitalized practices as well as use-restricted practices and consequences for open space design caused by the pandemic. The project uses a combination of spatial analytic methods and empirical social research methods (including walk-throughs, focus interviews, narrative mapping) to answer these research questions. Together with SP 6, 8 and 9, a decision will be made at the beginning of the project to conduct an in-depth investigation of settlement areas within the framework of case studies. For the focus on the user group of children, the format of the joint data sessions will be used to cooperate very closely and in different compositions with SP 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9.