Dynamical studies of the formation process of ordered phase at the phase transition by means of light, X-ray and neutron scattering

这四个子项目的活动结果如下：a.用光散射的方法研究了聚合物体系的分解过程，阐明了标度规律，取得了很大的成功。用X射线衍射、中子散射、电子显微镜、原子探针场发射显微镜等方法研究了合金体系的分解过程。这些结果揭示了详细的信息，特别是与弹性应变能和表面能有关的信息。c.对于聚合物和合金系统，普遍存在结构函数的标度律、演化幂定律和幂定律。讨论了这些规律的可能来源、适用范围和普适性。D.发现和研究了聚合物和合金分解过程以外的新的有序化过程。这些包括各向异性磁体中的有序化过程，双电体中的无公度相变，剪切流系统中的有序化过程，以及调幅节分解的合金中的声子。

The results of the activity of the four subprojects are as follows:A. Decomposition process of polymer systems has been studied by means of light scattering with a great success, clarifying scaling laws. Application of neutron scattering has been discussed with a conclusion that it needs large and homogeneous samples to be studied.B. Decomposition process of alloy systems has been studied by means of various methods, such as X-ray diffraction, neutron scattering, electeon microscope, and atom-probe field emission microscope. These results revealed detailed informations, particularly in relation to elastic strain energy and surface energy.C. Commonly to both polymer and alloy system, it has been found scaling law, evolution power law, and power law of the structure function. Possible origins, the range of applicability and universality of these laws are discussed.D. New types of ordering process other than the decomposition process of polymer and alloys are found and investigated. These includes ordering process in anisotropic magnets, incommensurate phase transition in diclectrics, ordering process in the system with shear flow, and phonons in alloys undergoing spinodal decomposition.