Occuerrence and role of N- -alanyldopamine in the cuticle and pigments of insects

进行了以下五项研究。(1)本文研究了柑桔凤蝶蛹期内β<beta>-丙氨酸、多巴胺和N-<beta>丙氨酰多巴胺（NBAD）的含量变化。本文<beta>还研究了蝴蝶羽化时β-丙氨酸的积累和排泄。从目前的结果和以前的论文的结果来看，很可能犬尿氨酸和NBAD都从血淋巴中掺入翅膀或鳞片中，并在那里相互联合收割机形成浅黄色色素（Papiliochrome II）。(2)研究了凤蝶蝶翅深黄色素（蝶色素M）的一些化学性质。结果清楚地表明，该色素也由犬尿氨酸和NBAD两者组成。(3)马兜铃粗翅蛾翅膀的红色素经鉴定为含α<beta>-丙氨酸的醌类色素。红色素可能是NBAD或N-<beta>丙氨酰去甲肾上腺素的氧化产物 ...更多信息 由酚氧化酶合成。(4)本文研究了黑腹果蝇（Drosophilamelanogater）黄色（y）、黑色（B）和乌木色（e）蛹皮的化学性质。y的角质层是黄褐色和坚硬的，并产生比B和e多得多的<beta>-丙氨酸和略少的酮儿茶酚。蛋白质含量低于B和e。另一方面，B和e的铜色呈白色可塑，<beta>-丙氨酸含量很少或为零，酸水解时酮邻苯二酚的释放量较大。蛋白质含量较高。为了进一步研究这些铜的化学性质，已确定4%的HCl-甲醇提取物是合适的。（5）<beta>研究了柑橘凤蝶蛹期不溶结合态-丙氨酸的积累。除了积累的可溶性结合形式的<beta>-丙氨酸（Papiliochrome II）出现前不久，不溶性结合形式的<beta>-丙氨酸积累在体壁和翅膜的pharate成人在蛹后期时，体壁和翅膜是软的。这可能代表预螺杆化阶段。少

The following five researches were carried out. (1) Level changes of <beta>-alanine, dopamine, and N-<beta>-alanyldopamine (NBAD) during the pupal stage of Papilio xuthus (Lepidoptera) were investigated. The accumulation and excretion of <beta>-alanine at the emergence of butterfly were also studied. Judging from both the present results and the results of previous papers, it is probable that both kynurenine and NBAD are incorporated from haemolymph into the wings or scales and there combine to each other to form the pale yellow pigment (Papiliochrome II). (2) Some chemical properties of the deep yellow pigment (Papiliochrome M) in the wings of Papilio machaon was studied. The results have clearly shown that the pigment is also composed of both kynurenine and NBAD. (3) The red pigment of the wings of Pachlioptera aristolochiae was confirmed to be a <beta>-alanine-containing quinone pigment. It is probable that the red pigment is an oxidationproduct of NBAD or N-<beta>-alanylnoradrenali … More ne by phenol oxidase. (4) Chemical properties of the puparial cuticle of yellow (y), black (b), and ebony (e) of Drosophila melanogater were investigated. The cuticle of y is yellowish brown and hard, and produces much more <beta>-alanine and a little less ketocatechol than in b and e. The protein content is lower than in b and e. On the other hand, the cuticles of b and e are white and plastic, and the <beta>-alanine content is only a little or zero, and the release of ketocatechol on acid hydrolysis is larger. The protein content is higher. For further study of chemical properties of these cuticles, 4% HCL-methanol extract has been confirmed to be suitable. And (5) the accumulation of insoluble-bound form of <beta>-alanine during the pupal stage of Papilio xuthus was investigated. Apart from the accumulation of soluble-bound form of <beta>-alanine (Papiliochrome II) shortly before emergence, the insoluble-bound form of <beta>-alanine accumulates in the body wall and wing-membrane of pharate adult at the late pupal stage when the body wall and wing-membrane are soft. This may represent the stage of pre-screlotization. Less