Studies on the mechanism for multiple differentiation of goldfish erythrophoroma cells in vitro

体外培养的金鱼红血球细胞在二甲基亚砜和自体血清的化学诱导下表现出多向分化。多重分化的谱系包括[1]黑色素生成，[2]反射性血小板的形成，[3]与该物种异质的蕨类化合物的合成，[4]真皮骨架的形成，如牙齿和鳍射线的形成，[5]神经元特征的产生和[6]类豆状小体的形成。诱导性最强的黑色素细胞在细胞形态、色素沉着和生理反应方面也表现出显著的多样性。这些多重分化总是在克隆的基础上发生，使得给定诱导集落的整个组成细胞在细胞特性方面惊人地相似。诱导的黑素细胞克隆在其黑素小体超微结构和与运动反应相关的受体组成方面表现出显着的多态性。由于诱导的红斑瘤细胞表达的表型谱仅限于除类晶状体外的神经脊来源的细胞，而且诱导黑素细胞的多态由多种已知的黑素生成特性组成，推测红斑瘤细胞在承诺的范围内能够作为神经脊细胞进行多向分化。

Goldfish erythrophorma cells in vitro manifest multiple differentiation upon chemical induction with use of dimethyl sulfoxide and autologous serum. The spectrum of multiple differentiation includes [1] melanogenesis, [2] formation of reflecting platelets, [3] synthesis of pteridines heterogeous to this species, [4] formation of dermal skeletons such as teeth and fin rays, [5] production of neuronal characters and [6] genesis of lentoid bodies. Melanogenic cells, highest in inducibility, also show remarkable diversification with regard to their cell morphology, pigmentation and physiological response. These multiple differentiation alway occurs on a clonal basis, making whole component cells of a given induced colony strikingly similar with regard to their cell characters. Melanogenic clones induced manifest a remarkable polymorphism concerning their melanosome ultra-structure and receptor composition associated with motile response. Inasmuch as the spectrum of phenotypes expressed by induced erythrophoroma cells is restricted to those of neural crest origin except lentoid bodies, and inasmuch as a polymorphism in induced melanogenic cells is composed of a variety of known melanogenic characters, it is presumed that erythrophoroma cells are capable of multiple differentiation within the commitment as neural crest cells.